LILIACER. 175 
SPECIES I-SMILACINA BIFOLIA. Does. 
Prats MDX. 
Reich. Tc. Fl. Germ. et Helv. Vol. X. Tab. CCCCXXXVI. 
Billot, F). Gall. et Germ. Exsice. No. 79. 
Conyallaria bifolia, Zinn. Sp. Pl. p. 452. 
Maianthemum bifolium, D.C. Kunth, Enum. Pl. Vol. V. p. 147. Bab. Man. Brit. 
Bot. ed. vi. p. 340. Hook. & Arn. Brit. Fl. ed. viii. p.450. Fries, Summ. Veg. 
Scand. p. 64. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. et Helv. ed. ii. p. 814. Gren. & Godr. Fl. de 
Fr. Vol. III. p. 230; et Auct. Plur. 
Rootstock slender, branched, the branches producing a single stalked 
roundish-ovate deeply cordate leaf, or a flowering stem with two 
shortly stalked or subsessile ovate-cordate leaves, one of which is a 
little above the other. Flowers in a simple raceme; pedicels mostly 
in pairs. Perianth segments oblong, spreading-recurved. Stamens 4. 
Berries very small, white dotted with red. 
In woods and bushy places. Very rare. On the west side of Forge 
Valley, near Hackness, six miles from Scarborough, Yorkshire ; 
formerly at Hawick, Northumberland. Reported by Gerarde from 
Dingley Wood, near Preston; and Harewood, near Blackburn, Lan- 
eashire. There is a large patch of it in Caen Wood, between Hamp- 
stead and Highgate, but there it has the appearance of having been 
planted. Inthe Phytologist, ser. i. vol.i. p.579, Mr. Edward Edwards 
states that he observed it under fir-trees in Apsley Wood, Bedford- 
shire. 
England. Perennial. Early Summer. 
Rootstock extensively creeping, white, not so thick as a crow-quill. 
Radical leaves on stalks 2 to 4 inches long, the stalks sheathed at 
the base; lamina, including the lobes, 14 to 3 inches long, with nu- 
merous ribs connected by transverse veins, deep green above, paler 
beneath, glabrous except on the veins, which are clothed with minute 
hairs. Stem 3 to 8 inches high, with two alternate leaves a little 
above the middle, the upper leaf smaller than the lower, and some- 
times there is a third still smaller leaf above the second one; these 
leaves are stalked, the lower ones with a petiole 1 to ® inch long, the 
upper one with a shorter petiole or sometimes almost sessile; in 
shape the stem leaves are more triangular than the radical leaves, 
being broadest at the base and not about the middle; all the leaves 
are deeply cordate with roundish basal lobes widely apart at their 
origin. Raceme 2 to 1} inch long. Bracts very small, scarious. 
Pedicels longer than the flowers, commonly in pairs, but sometimes 
three together, rarely solitary. Perianth seements } inch long, white. 
Anthers white. Berry smaller than a sweet-pea seed, acuminated at 
the apex, waxy-white dotted with brownish red. 
