138 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
be used to adulterate light wines. The juice boiled with sugar is an old domestic 
remedy for coughs and hoarseness. In old herbalists we have of course numberless 
benefits ascribed to the use of this favourite vegetable, all of which may with equal 
justice be expected from the judicious consumption of any fresh vegetable. The Turnip 
in its wild state gives shelter and nourishment to many kinds of insects. The cater- 
pillars of some kinds of moths and butterflies feed on its leaves, and it is especially 
exposed during its cultivated growth to the attacks of one of its natural invaders, known 
by the name of the Turnip-fly. This insect, which is the Haltica Nemorum of entomo- 
logists, is a little beetle. It deposits its eggs from April to September, and as they 
hatch in two days and begin to feed on the leaves of the Turnip, they are a great pest. 
The larvee feed within the leaf, whilst the full-grown insect, which has the power of 
hopping like the flea, feeds on the outside of the leaves. It is in the earlier stages of 
the growth of the plant that this insect does much havoc, and the rapid and favourable 
development of the plant is the best remedy against the ravages of this little pest. 
Besides the insects which attack the leaves, there are others which deposit their eggs in 
the roots, and these produce the deformities known by the name of “anbury,” or “ fingers 
and toes,” frequently attributed to the soil. The examination of the root by cutting will, 
however, in all cases reveal the true nature of these excrescences. 
SPECIES VII—BRASSICA MONENSIS. JZuds. 
Pruates XCI. XCII. 
Radical leaves stalked, very deeply pinnatifid, almost pinnate, 
not lyrate; stem leaves few, similar to the radical ones, but with 
narrower segments. Sepals quite erect. Beak of the pod cylin- 
drical-subulate, containing 1 to 3 seeds; valves 3-nerved. 
Sup-Species I.— Brassica eu-Monensis. 
Puate XCI.* 
Brassica Monensis, Aucé. Plur. 
“ Sisymbrium Monense, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. p. 658.” Sm. Eng. Bot. 962. 
Leaves almost all radical and glabrous. Stem glabrous, nearly 
simple, almost leafless. 
On sandy seashores. Jather local on the west coast of England 
and Scotland from Glamorganshire to Bute. 
England, Scotland. Perennial. Summer. 
Rootstock long, woody, branched, producing rosettes of nume- 
rous leaves, which are very deeply pinnatifid with distant oblong 
slightly lobed segments; lobes terminating in a bristle. Stems 
ascending from a curved base, 6 to 12 inches high, leafless, or 
with 1 or 2 deeply pinnatifid leaves with strap-shaped segments. 
* The Plate is E. B. 962, unaltered. 
