- HIBERNATION. 15 
In southwestern Maine, where this short-winged form has _ oe- 
curred in more or less destructive numbers for upward of forty years, 
and where it affects timothy in the same manner as in Ohio, both long 
and short winged individuals, the latter in the majority, hibernate 
under dead leaves, brush heaps, and similar débris in and about the 
fields where they have ravaged the timothy. They do not appear to 
select only the drier portions of such fields, but are found also liter- 
ally swarming about the clumps of rushes (Juncus) that grow in the 
low spots. Some of these low places become submerged in winter by 
rains and melting snows, and the hibernating bugs are washed out 
and killed.« Possibly others not observed might have remained 
among the living timothy, as it is further stated that many hibernat- 
ing individuals were to be found among the leaves of clover border- 
ing on spots of timothy that had been killed out by them during the 
preceding summer. 
That the short-winged or maritime form must hibernate in or in 
very close proximity to the field it infests goes without saying, and 
it would appear that but for the cultivation of timothy it would 
have become diffused inland from the coast less rapidly, if at all. 
It is doubtful if this inland diffusion began until the country became 
settled by the white man and timothy began to be grown by him as 
a forage crop—a situation that would be coexistent with a dimuni- 
tion in the number and extent of prairie and forest fires. 
West of the Allegheny Mountains we encounter this short-winged 
maritime form only in western Pennsylvania, northern Ohio, south- 
ern Michigan, extreme northern Indiana, and equally extreme north- 
ern Illinois. The writer once found a single short-winged individual 
in southern Ohio, and a single individual that may or may not belong 
to this species has been recorded from New Mexico by Prof. T. D. A. 
Cockerell. 
Except as indicated in the preceding paragraph, over this whole 
country the long-winged form is the only one known, and its habits 
are almost as unlike those of the maritime form as they would be 
were the latter a different insect. Timothy culture has never ex- 
tended to the Gulf coast, and the extensive growing of the crop over 
this whole western country is of recent date, coexistent with the 
advent of the white man. Here, therefore, timothy is not attacked 
by chinch bugs. 
The inland or long-winged form inhabits largely a prairie country, 
and it would appear that, as these prairies were annually burned 
over during the hibernating season, the form that became the most 
scattered prior to hibernation would be likely to stand the best chance 
of surviving. It seems to the writer that the wings of the chinch 
a Nineteenth Ann. Rept. Maine Agric. Exp. Sta., 1903, pp. 41-52. 
