16 MEETING OF INSPECTORS OF APIARIES. 
6 
department of agriculture in a report to that department made in 
January, 1908, and another in January, 1904. In the latter report 
this condition, for want of definite information, was referred to as 
“ X brood” and the bacillus es Bacillus X. At the suggestion of 
Dr. E. F. Phillips, of the Bureau of Entomology, United States 
Department of Agriculture, it was thought best for very good rea- 
sons to retain the name foul brood in the name of each disease and 
add a qualifying word to designate the difference between the two 
diseases. ‘ European ” is added to foul brood to designate the disease 
which Cheyne studied in England (Europe) in 1885, and “American ” 
is added to the foul brood which was first studied in the United States 
(America). We distinguish, then, European foul brood and Ameri- 
‘an foul brood. Both of these diseases of the brood of bees seem to 
be found in Europe as well as America. It must therefore be remem- 
bered that these names do not put any stigma on either country, 
Europe or America, but, on the contrary, Europe is thereby given 
the credit of having first studied the European foul brood and 
America for having first studied American foul brood. 
In a study of the so-called * pickle brood ” we are unable to sug- 
gest from a bacteriological standpoint any cause for the disease. A 
study has been made of the bacteria found upon the healthy adult bee 
and those found in the intestine and also the bacteria found upon and 
within the adult bees suffering with palsy or paralysis, but so far no 
suggestion can be made from a bacteriological standpoint as to the 
cause of this disorder of the adult bee. 
To conclude, I shall read, with your permission, the summary of 
the work reported in the bulletin referred to above.‘ 
SUMMARY TO PART I. 
The results of the study of the bacteria found normally in the apiary may be 
briefly Summarized as follows: f 
(1) The temperature of the hive approximates that of warm-blooded animals. 
(2) Upon adult bees and upon the comb there occurs quite constantly a species 
of bacterin which we refer to in this paper as Bacillus A, and which, it is 
helieved, is the organism that some workers have confused with Bacillus alvei 
which is universally present in European foul brood. 
(3) There cceurs very constantly in the pollen and intestine of adult bees a 
species here referred to as Bacillus B. 
(4) From the combs Bacterium cyaneus, Saccharomyces roseus, and a Micro- 
coccus referred to here as Micrococcus C, have been isolated and studied. 
(5) Toney from a healthy hive is, as a rule, sterile. 
(6) The normal larvire are, as a rule, sterile. 
(7) There is an anaérobe found quite constantly in the intestine of the 
healthy honey bee. It is referred to in this paper as Bacterium D. 
(8) From the intestine there have been isolated and studied the following 
micro-organisms: Bacillus cloace, Bacillus coli communis, Bacillus cholera suis, 
a'Technical Series, No. 14, Bur, Ent., U. 8. Dept. Agric, 
