18 MEETING OF INSPECTORS OF APIARIES. 
a scientific study from a European investigator. We refer to the other disease 
as American foul brood, because it was first studied scientificaily in America. 
There is one more disorder in the brood of bees which has attracted considerable 
attention—the so-called ‘ pickle brood.” There are, then, these three principal 
diseases: European foul brood, American foul brood, and the so-called “ pickle 
brood.” 
Doctor Puiuies. We surely have all been glad to listen to Doctor 
White in his most interesting account of his work. It will be well at 
this time to ask him any questions concerning this work which may 
have come to mind. Before opening this subject for discussion I 
wish to say that after this discussion I shall take up in detail the 
works which Doctor White has criticized. Consequently, if you have 
no objection, we will hold over until later any discussion of these 
papers. 
Mr. C. P. Dapant. As I understand it, there exist these two bacilli 
(Bacillus alvei and Bacillus larve) and also Bacillus mesentericus 
vulgatus. Wave you samples of all three of the bacilli? 
Doctor Wurre. Yes, sir; that (pointing to slides) is Bacillus lar- 
ve, that (showing cultures) is the Bacillus alvei, and the next, Bac7- 
lus mesentericus. There are a number of varieties of Bacillus mesen- 
tericus, and vulgatus is one of them. 
SYMPTOMS OF BEE DISEASES. 
Mr. Dapant. Will you please give us a description of the two dis- 
eases—that is, of the conditions arising when Bacillus larve and 
Bacillus alvei are present in the combs? 
Doctor Wutre. I should like to ask Doctor Phillips to answer that 
question. 
Doctor Puimups. I shall simply quote from Doctor White’s bulle- 
tin. There was issued from the Bureau of Entomology some time 
ago a small circular, Circular No. 79, entitled “ The Brood Diseases 
of Bees,” and in this circular was included a description of the two 
diseases which Doctor White has been studying. Doctor White was 
kind enough to quote in his bulletin from Circular No. 79, and I shall 
read the descriptions. 
AMERICAN FOUL BROOD. 
American foul brood (often called simply “foul brood’) is distributed 
through all parts of the United States, and from the symptoms published in 
European journals and texts one is led to believe that it is also the prevalent 
brood disease in Europe. Although it is found in almost all sections of the 
United States, there are many localities entirely free from disease of any kind. 
The adult bees of an infected colony are usually rather inactive and do little 
toward cleaning out infected material. When the larve are first affected, they 
turn to a light chocolate color, and in the advanced stages of decay they become 
darker, resembling roasted coffee in color. Usually the larvee are attacked at 
about the time of capping, and most of the cells containing infected larvee are 
