INFECTION CARRIED TO FLOWERS. D1 
Doctor Pumps. The bacteria in a diseased colony are present 
everywhere. They are found all over the adult bees, on the queens, on 
the outside of the comb, and every place else. They do not, however, 
grow in honey; they quickly go from the rod condition to the spore 
condition and remain in the latter conditien indefinitely when in 
honey. According to the statement just made, it would seem that a 
bee from an infected hive would always carry disease. The fact is, 
however, that if the bees have been away from this infection for 
some time they will not transmit the disease. Give them a new clean 
hive with no food, so that all the honey is used up from the inside 
of the body. The infection from the outside does not seem to spread 
the disease if no brood is reared for a few days. 
Mr. Suiri. I believe that the reason why the bee loses the infection 
is because a certain time elapses before the comb is drawn out and 
young larve are present which are large enough to become infected. 
But I know this fact: If you shake bees from a diseased colony onto 
combs that contain healthy larvee, you might as well leave the larve, 
for disease at once appears. I have tried that. 
BACTERIA IN QUEENS. 
> 
Mr. Dapanr. In either case have the bodies of queens been in- 
spected ? 
Doctor Wuirr. The bodies of queens have been inspected, and while 
the internal organs contained these organisms, the ovaries seldom do, 
and where Bacillus alvei is found in the ovary, or in our cultures 
made from the ovary, they occur very seldom, and the probability is 
that they get there through contamination in making the cultures 
‘ather than from being found in the ovary itself. The ovaries are 
very small and one must work with instruments that are sufficiently 
large to handle. It is almost impossible to take cultures from the 
ovary and not get contamination from the outside. 
(74 = sa ” 
BLACK BROOD. 
Mr. H. H. Roor (Ohio). I thought I understood Doctor White to 
say that the disease called black brood has not been found in New 
York. 
Doctor Puimuires. What Doctor White said was that there is no such 
thing as black brood. The name black brood was a blunder. 
INFECTION CARRIED TO FLOWERS. 
Mr. Smrru. Then if, as you say, the contamination is always 
present on the adult bees from diseased colonies, why is it not pos- 
sible to carry it to the blossoms and leave it on the pollen, so that the 
next bee visiting the same flower would carry germs to its hive? 
Doctor Puruures. It is, of course, possible, but highly improbable. 
