TREATMENT FOR BEE DISEASES. 67 
Mr. Anperson. I know this: If you cut this foul brood out before 
there is another exposure, you won't get it in that colony unless it 33 
carried from somewhere else. I have proved that. 
Doctor Puiiures. As far as the forty-two days’ time is concerned, 
I have no faith in it, because in most cases inside of forty-two days 
the colony would be dead. I have seen that demonstrated. 
Mr. Hotexame. I might ask how early can the disease be dis- 
covered ? 
Doctor Puitiurps. Not sooner than the ropiness of the larve be- 
comes evident. I never saw a sample of diseased brood from 
Texas, but, assuming for the moment that the conditions in this 
State are similar to those in California, the method described in the 
East is not going to work in Texas. It will work where the disease 
is not virulent. The same thing holds true for European foul brood. 
Where it has existed for five years it 1s easily treated, and the Alex- 
ander treatment is sometimes successful, but it is not when the dis- 
ease first appears in a locality. As you know, European foul brood 
started in New York and is spreading to the Vermont line. You 
will find a great difference in the type of disease in Schoharie County 
and on the Vermont line. The same thing seems to hold in a differ- 
ent way for the American foul brood.’ The disease is much more 
easy to combat in the East than in the West. I visited California 
this summer. Inspectors there have proved to their satisfaction that 
Eastern methods are not satisfactory, and they told me that it is 
necessary to burn out the hives. Mr. Smith does not burn his hives, 
and the inspector in New York does not burn hives; they insist, how- 
ever, that no honey and no wax cells remain in the hives and that the 
hives be clean. That does not prove satisfactory in California. We 
know that this one disease is a very different proposition under dif- 
ferent climatic conditions, and in discussing treatment it is neces- 
sary to bring out this point. In discussing treatment in bee jour- 
nals writers forget or do not realize that the plans which they advo- 
cate may not do in different places. As Mr. Parker said in his 
paper, the eastern treatment will cure nine-tenths, but the other 
tenth has to be taken care of. The disease seems to be much more 
virulent in the western part of the United States than in the east- 
ern part. 
Mr. L. Scuotn. Our conditions are the same here as in California, 
Tam sure. We have tried some of the shaking treatments, but they 
were unsatisfactory. On account of the character of the disease here, 
we think we are on the safe side in using the burning method until 
we can find something better. While Mr. Smith and others gave their 
method of shaking the bees, I wish to put the question whether these 
treatments would work west of the Mississippi River, and that is 
why we have been practicing such radical measures here. My brother, 
