50 THE PERIODICAL CICADA, 
ginia, and one or two in northern West Virginia, but ir the main these 
are doubtful records or unimportant, and may possibly not be con- 
nected in origin with the swarms occurring in the main territory of the 
brood. Since the publication of Bulletin 14 several additional coun- 
ties have been reported for Virginia and West Virginia, the new 
records for the latter State being chiefly from a very careful survey 
made by Doctor Hopkins in 1901. Equally careful search would 
doubtless show for adjoining States the wide scattering occurrence 
which Doctor Hopkins has found in West Virginia. The unimportant 
records are indicated on the map by the small dots. 
The occurrence of a swarm on Marthas Vineyard in 1833 is recorded 
by Doctor Harris, but the records of subsequent appearances of this 
swarm have shown the date mentioned to be unquestionably an error 
for 1832, which refers this swarm to Brood VIII. 
The distribution, by States and counties, is as follows: 
Norru Carouina.—Alleghany,* (Wilkes*). 
Onto.—Cuyahoga, Madison?, (Medina?). 
Virainta.6—Bland,* Buchanan,* Carroll,* (Craig),* Floyd,* Franklin,* (Giles),* 
(Grayson),* (Henry),* Lee,* (Loudoun), (Montgomery),* Patrick,* (Pulaski),* 
(Roanoke),* Smyth,* Wythe.* 
West VireintA.—Barbour, Berkeley, Boone,* Braxton,* Clay,* Fayette,* Green- 
brier,* Hampshire, Hardy, Harrison, Jackson, Jefferson, Kanawha, Logan, Marshall, 
Mason, Mercer,* Monongalia, Monroe,* Nicholas,* Pleasants, Pocahontas,* Preston ,* 
Putnam, Raleigh,* Randolph,* Roane, Summers,* Tucker, Tyler, Upshur, Webster, 
Wetzel, Wood, Wyoming.* 
Broop X—Septendecim—1919. (Fig. 13.) 
This is the great 17-year brood occurring over the main areas 
covered by it in numerous dense swarms and equaling, if not exceeding 
in importance the largest of the 13-year broods, namely, Brood XIX. 
It is Brood No. 4 of Fitch, XVI of Walsh-Riley, and XXII of Riley. 
It has been well recorded, particularly in the East, from 1715 to 1902, 
the date of its last appearance. It so happened, however, that on 
each of the years (1868 and. 1885) when it was especially studied 
prior to 1902 it appeared in conjunction with an important 13-year 
brood, and as the territories of the two races overlap, there has always 
been some doubt as to the correctness of the references of swarms in 
such overlapping regions. In 1868, when it was studied carefully by 
Walsh and Riley, it was in conjunction with the largest of the 13-year 
broods, namely, Brood XIX. In 1885 it was in conjunction with the 
second largest of the 13-year broods, namely, Brood XXIII. The 
aCounty names in italics are confirmations of old records, names in parentheses 
are old records unconfirmed, and starred names indicate occurrence in swarms. 
b The old records for Virginia not confirmed specifically in 1901 are in the midst of 
counties with large swarms and were confirmed in a general report covering the south- 
western part of the State. , 
