COLLECTION OF ADULTS. 141 
Notwithstanding the occasional instances of serious injury by the 
Cicada, it is probably still true that there is no other important 
injurious insect in this country that is responsible for so little serious 
damage in proportion to the fears aroused, and yet every recurrence of 
this insect calls forth the most anxious demands for means of control 
or extermination. The exploitation of the facts concerning this insect 
is, therefore, more to allay such fears, and to supply the desire for 
information concerning it which its presence always arouses, than 
from the necessity of detailing elaborate precautionary measures. 
It is, nevertheless, important to know what may be done in the way 
of protection and control whenever occasion arises to make such 
action necessary, as for the protection of young fruit trees which are 
especially exposed to injury or trees and shrubs over limited areas, as 
in parks and lawns. 
Precautionary operations are necessarily against the adults chiefly, 
as being the authors of the greater damage. Against the larve and 
pupe in their subterranean life it is hardly worth while to take any 
action unless it be deemed desirable to attempt to exterminate a brood 
within a given territory or bit of woodland, in which case the remedies 
commonly employed against other subterranean insects, such as the 
Phylloxera or other root lice, will serve for this insect equally well, 
especially in the first year or two of its existence. 
The prevention of injury from the Cicada includes, therefore, (1) 
methods of destroying the emerged insects, either mechanically or by 
insecticide applications; (2) applications to the plant to prevent 
oviposition; (3) certain precautionary measures which may be taken 
to lessen injury; and (4) operations to destroy the larval and pupal 
stages in the soil. 
MEANS OF DESTROYING THE EMERGED PUPZ AND ADULTS. 
COLLECTION OF ADULTS. 
In some instances the hand collection of the insects is feasible and 
will prevent damage. This method necessitates the continual driving 
of the insects from the plants by fighting or collecting them in umbrel- 
las or bags in the early morning or date evening when they are some- 
what torpid and sluggish. If undertaken at the first appearance of 
the Cicada and repeated each day, the work of control will be facili- 
tated by the fact that most of the insects will be en the young trees or 
shrubbery or on the lower branches of larger trees and within com- 
paratively easy reach. 
An instance of this kind of work is recorded by Mr. Abner Hoopes, 
of West Chester, Pa.* The work reported was for the protection of 
nursery stock on the edge of woods from the attack of Brood X in 
4 Entomological News, Vol. XVIII, March, 1907, pp. 108, 109. 
