i5i 



vertebral line may be present; beneath dirty buff, chin and 

 throat black in the male. From snout to vent j6 mm. 



Male with an external subgular vocal sac. 



Tadpole. — Length of body about i'/ 2 times its width; 

 tail twice the length of the body. Nostril much nearer the 

 eye than the tip of the snout; eyes lateral, the distance between 

 them 6 times that between the nostrils; spiraculum median, 

 large, its transparent sheath opening below the posterior end 

 of the body; anal tube long, median, projecting below the 

 edge of the subcaudal crest. Tail obtusely pointed ; crests 

 convex, about equal in depth. 



Mouth terminal, very small, with a straight upper, and a 

 contractile lower lip; jaws and teeth absent. 



Dark, olive-brown to black, with or without fine golden 

 speckles; sometimes a pale curved bar across the snout, and 

 light markings on the sides; caudal crests colourless, or with 

 small dark patches ; below often speckled with white. Length 

 40 mm. 



The eggs are united into strings. 



Nocturnal. The croak is very loud. „The males croak while 

 floating on the surface of the water, the mouth, head and 

 inflated sides of the body just above the surface, the single 

 vocal sac under the mouth inflated like a globe and the arms 

 and legs extended. They can hop well on land, and are good 

 swimmers" (Flower). „The embrace is axillary: the eggs are 

 expelled in masses of the size of a cherry; the development 

 is very rapid." (Butler). The tadpole, after Smith, is unable 

 to remain below the surface of the water; it lives upon 

 animal and vegetable matter. 



Habitat: Sumatra (Atjeh; Indragiri); Borneo (Serawak) ') ; 

 Flores; Celebes (Makasser !). — From India and S. -China to 

 the Malay Peninsula. 



3. Kaloula (?) sundana Ptrs. 



Calohyla sundana Peters, Monatsber. Akad. Berlin, 1867, p. 35. 

 Nectophryne} sundana Boulenger, Cat. Batr. Sal. Brit. Mas., 1882, p. 281. 

 Callula sundana Roux, Zool. Anz., XXXV, 1910, p. 716. 



Each palatine ridge with 4 or 5 curved teeth. Snout sub- 

 triangular, prominent, a little longer than the eye; nostril 



1) According to Peters (Ann. Mus. Genova, III, 1872, p. 44). 



