The American Museum contains these tallies or marques de chasses fromAbri Blanchard (Dordogne) 

 representing the Middle Aurignacian Epoch, interpreted as records made by Aurignacian hunters 



We can thus picture the cHmatic condi- 

 tions that attended the birth of Quater- 

 nary art in western and central Europe; 

 and climate is no mean factor in the 

 environment of primitive man. Among 

 other things it determines the character 

 of the fauna and thus has a bearing on 

 the fundamental problems of food-get- 

 ting as well as defense. 



Upper Quaternary fauna may be 

 reconstructed from the fossil remains 

 associated with human cultural remains ; 



230 



it is also reflected in the art of the time. 

 Judging from both these sources one 

 arrives at the conclusion that Aurigna- 

 cians and Solutreans were contempo- 

 raries of an Equus fauna with the horse 

 predominating, the mammoth still abun- 

 dant, the bison also plentiful, and the 

 reindeer gaining in prominence. The 

 horse and reindeer were dominant in 

 the Magdalenian. Bos primigenius plays 

 a secondary role in the art of the time 

 and is not conspicuous for its fossil 



