GUMS, RESINS, AND KINOS. 233 
market ; but it usually comes to Sydney having been subjected to 
no winnowing process. 
Throughout the colonies. 
18. Xanthorrhea arborea, #.2r., N.O., Juncacex, B.FI., vii., 
215. 
*©Grass Tree.” 
A sample of resin of this species in the Technological Museum 
is presented in large concentric masses, consisting of the remains 
of leaves (tn situ), cemented together by the resin, the resin 
usually being so abundantly in excess that large pieces of the pure 
substance are readily obtainable. The inner portion of these 
masses is a true mould of the caudex. Where the resin weathers 
it is seen to be of a liver-colour, but it readily fractures (in a very 
similar manner to that of gamboge), and shows a very bright sur- 
face. The colour is very pleasing, and I can only describe it as 
of a rich purplish-brown, inclining to crimson. It is readily 
reducible to a fairly fine powder, which is of a dull, burnt sienna- 
brown, admixed with a few dark particles. 
New South Wales and Queensland. 
19. Xanthorrhea australis, #.2r., N.O., Juncacex, B.FI., vii., 
116. 
*“Grass Tree.” 
The shapes which the resins of the various species of 
Xanthorrhea assume are quite accidental. Some of these forms 
are described under various species, and refer to specimens which 
have actually been examined. The resin of this species “is found 
in masses of irregular globular shape, within the body of the tree, 
and exuding in large tears and drops near its roots. It is a dark- 
red, friable substance, the purer homogenous specimens exhibiting 
a most brilliant ruby colour when crushed into fragments; it fuses 
readily with the same deep colour, and exhales the characteristic 
odour of gum benzoin and dragon’s blood under such circum- 
stances. In many respects it resembles the last-named substance, 
but its solutions are less intensely red, inclining to yellow, while as 
a varnish, it has much more body and gloss. It is very soluble in 
alcohol, and in the essential oils from the eucalypts, that from the 
Dandenong Peppermint (Z. amygdalina) proving an exception 
