396 



The Journal of Heredity 



met in animals of other colors. Liver 

 colored dogs may be marked with 

 red or lemon, red dogs wth lemon. If 

 white occurs along with the bicolor 

 pattern the dog is usually described as 

 tricolor. 



The inheritance of this factor is 

 indicated by the following observation: 

 Three matings in which principals are 

 not bicolor s or tricolors, but have 

 tricolors among their ancestors, }deld 

 twenty-one non-tricolors and three tri- 

 colors, as shown in the pedigree below. 

 Among these noted as non-tricolor are 

 probably some red bicolors. When 

 tricolors are crossed with non-tricolors 

 which come from strains not showing the 

 bicolor or tricolor patterns there result 

 only plain colored offspring. However 

 in two cases where tricolors were crossed 

 with non-tricolors from strains con- 

 taining the tricolor factors there occurred 

 seven non-tricolor and three tricolor 

 offspring. 



The bicolor factor is certainly reces- 

 sive. Certain combinations should al- 

 ways produce tricolors. For example a 

 tricolor of class 2 mated with a liver and 

 white of class 5 which shows the buff 

 marks should jjroduce litters consisting 

 exclusively of black tricolors. Several 

 similar matings are possible, as can be 

 seen from the table. We know of no 

 such mating, but it should be an easy 

 matter to test this hypothesis. 



The tricolor markings with the hypo- 

 static colors are limited, in the following 

 breeds, to the same areas as in Cockers; 



Dachshundc, Toy Black and Tans, 

 Manchester Terriers, Gordon Setters. 

 King Charles and Prince Charles Spani- 

 els, some Fox Terriers, Pointers, Beagles 

 and Collies. The combination of red 

 with lemon marks is more often found 

 in Collies than in any other breed. 



In certain Fox Terriers and Beagles 

 the tan extends further up on the legs, 

 and over the face, until the black is 

 limited to the ears, the upper part of the 

 occiput, and over the back and sides. 

 In the Welsh Terriers this distribution 

 of color is the usual one. In the 

 Airedale the black is limited to a saddle 

 commencing at the withers and extend- 

 ing over the back, tail and sides.- All 

 of these markings are probably due to 

 the same pattern factor which we call 

 bicolor in Cockers. 



This pedigree was sent to us by one 

 of our correspondents, as an example of 

 the absolutely unpredictable nature of 

 the heredity of colors in Cocker Spaniels ! 

 The solid red parent is evidently of 

 class 8, while the liver and white parent 

 is of class 6. The presence of a tri- 

 color pup, and the fact that approxi- 

 mately half of the pups were spotted 

 makes the pedigree most interesting. 

 We shall leave it to the reader to decide 

 whether or not the results of this inating 

 could have been ])rcdictcd with fair 

 accuracy. 



In this mating the number of lemons 

 is insufficient. One of those noted as 

 red may be, in reality, a lemon. In our 

 records lemon seems to occur less often 



Black 



Liver and white 



Orange and white^ 



Red (solid') 



Black 



Black , white a nd orange marks, 

 (tricolor). 



Black 



Liver and white 



Black 



Liver and white 



1 Liver, 1 liver and white. ■ 



1 Red, 1 red and white. 



1 Black, 1 black and white. 



1 Black and white with orange marks 

 (tricolor). 



orange marks, 

 (tricolor). 



