Jones: Illustration of Inbreeding 



479 



corn and other plants has been shown 

 to be a simple recessive character/ 

 then in an inbred race one-fourth of the 

 plants must be albinos if they occur at 

 all. This large percentage of white 

 plants is quite noticeable in the field. 

 The numbers secured in this case 

 agree with other published results. - 

 The two rows in the field representing 



pollinated and selfed. Ear No. 1 was 

 not selfed, but pollinated with a brother 

 plant. The chances that it would show 

 albinos were four out of nine instead of 

 two out of three. It produced only- 

 green plants. Of the other eight cars, 

 numbers 5 and 9 gave only green plants 

 as shown in Fig. 11. The remaining 

 six ears gave albino plants as follows : 



Number. 

 2 

 3 

 4 

 6 

 7 



Ear Number. 

 (14-10) 4-6-3 

 (14-10) 4-6-4 

 (14-10) 4-6-16 

 (14-10) 4-6-13 

 (14-10) 4-6-2 

 (14-10) 4-6-11 



White Plants. 

 5 

 9 

 4 

 4 



Total 34 



Theoretical 35 



Green Plants. 

 19 

 13 

 21 

 15 

 15 

 25 



108 

 105 



two ears from the same inbred race 

 gave 72 white and 232 normal green 

 plants. 



There were on hand nine ears, repre- 

 senting nine different plants of this 

 inbred lot which were grown in 1914 

 from a hand-pollinated, selfed plant in 

 1913. Two-thirds of these ears should 

 be heterozygous for the abnormality 

 and give albino plants in a three to one 

 ratio. One-third of the ears should 

 give only green plants. About thirty 

 seeds from each ear were planted in a 

 flat. Eight of these nine ears were hand 



Seed from the original ear of the 

 parent plant, (14-10) 4-6, grown in 



1913 which produced the above ears in 



1914 gave five albinos out of thirty- 

 five plants grown. 



No seed is available of previous 

 generations and no record was made of 

 albino plants occurring in this strain 

 but it is probable that they have 

 occurred each year. It seems safe to 

 say that two of these strains, numbers 

 five and nine, are now free from this 

 abnormalitv. 



1 Emerson, R. A. "The Inheritance of Certain Forms of Chlorophyll Reduction in Corn 

 Leaves." Nebr. Agr. Expt. Station, Twenty-fifth Annual_ Report, 1912. See also Miles, F. C, 

 "A Genetic and Cytological Study of Certain Types of Albinism in Maize." Journal of Genetics, 

 January, 1915. 



2 See Emerson and Miles, loc. cit. 



Production of New Cereals 



Grains are systematically bred at the Washington State Experiment Station. 

 With wind and insect pollinated plants, such as maize, rye and the grain sorghums, 

 straight selection is much employed, but with self-pollinated grains such as wheat, 

 oats and barley, hybridization is more used. No selection is made until the second 

 generation, at which time all apparently desirable plants are picked out and planted 

 in triplicate for further tests. The basis for such tests with small grains is the rod 

 row, 150 seeds per row and the rows 18 inches apart. Maize is planted in duplicate 

 rows thirty-.six hills long and three stalks per hill. After such a test, the value of 

 any new sort can be determined with a good deal of accuracy. 



Plant Breeding in Alabama 



Hybridization in cotton and oats has been the principal plant-breeding work of 

 the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station. Studies of correlation in cotton, 

 conducted under the Adams' Fund, have been in progress for nine years. Studies 

 in correlation are also being made in maize. 



