X'orticelUna.'] ixFrsouTAT. ANiMAtcrtES. 535 



front, pedicle branched in a trifid, rarelj' in a trifid manner. Body 

 1 -2400th. Berlin. On Cyclops quadiicornis. 



Cakchesium specfabile. — Body conical, campanulato, dihited in 

 front ; branching in an oblique conical figure, attaining two lines in 

 height. Berlin. 



Genus Epistylis. The pillar Animalcules. — Voriicelhna with a 

 rigid pedicle, either simple or branched, and having all the cor- 

 puscles of the same figure ; or, in other words, they are Vorticellce or 

 Carchesia with a rigid pedicle, and without an internal muscle. The 

 pedicle, or stalk, appears to be a hollow tube. The polygastric 

 structure, and the situation of the united mouth and anal opening, 

 ai'c easily demonstrated by the employment of coloured food. In 

 E. plieatilis, the whole course of the alimentary canal can be seen. 

 The granular ova, says Ehrenbcrg, have been measured in several 

 species ; a contractile bladder, and a short band-like male gland, are 

 observable in many ; the latter, however, is spherical in E. nutans. 

 Longitudinal self-division has been seen in E. anasfitica, E. galea, 

 E. plieatilis, E. favicans, E. leueoa, E. digitalis, and E. nutans ; and 

 it is probable that the free forms transversclj- di"vide. In E. nutans 

 and E. plieatilis, gemmae have been seen ; but these are never pro- 

 duced by the stalk. 



The EpistylidiB are among the largest of the Yorticellina ; and 

 are exclusively found in pure water, on aquatic plants or animals. 



The researches of Dr. Stein have made us well acquainted with 

 the organization of Epistylis, and especially with a peculiar mode of 

 propagation by a metamorphosis or an " alteration of generation.' 

 The subject of his observations was the E. nutans (P. 22, f. 16), of 

 which he well displays the ciliated frontal apparatus of two lips, 

 with a wide oral cavity between them. ^These so-called lips, when 

 protruded, doubtless are the organ alluded to by Ehrenberg, as the 

 projecting velum palati (gaumen segel). But the animal possesses 

 the power, like a Rotifer, of -^^dthdrawing these ciliated whorls, and 

 when this is accomplished, the double character of the lip vanishea 

 and is replaced by an apparent single ciliary cylinder, or whorl 

 (P, 22, f. 18). The mouth opens into a large oral cavity, or gullet, 

 extending half the length of the body, and continued by a veiy 

 narrow prolongation, as an alimentary canal, nearly to its attached 



