\'an Fleet: Chestnut Breeding Experiences 25 



A very promising Chinese chestnut, quahty, however, is a marked resistance, 



already given the provisional name of as demonstrated by experimental in- 



Castanea mollissinta, is now being es- oculations that have so far caused 



tablished through the efforts of the little harm, to the Endothia disease. 



Office of Foreign Seed and Plant In- Chestnut breeding, though greatly 



troduction, and will soon be available hampered by the advent of the new 



for breeding purposes. While scarcely disease, thus makes its appeal as a 



a timber tree as compared with our highly promising occupation. It ap- 



native species, it is nevertheless of pears probable that the chestnut in its 



good dimensions and apparently a most desirable form can be saved to 



quick and thrifty grower. The nuts are horticulture as a nut ]3roducer if not to 



of really excellent quality, though of forestry as a profitable timber tree, 



only medium size, and are said to be and there is even a chance that the 



produced freely at a comparatively latter highly important feature may in 



early age. The especially promising the end be spared. 



The Origin of Species 



How a three-horned species of bull (Bos triceros) "originated" in Senegambia and 

 was accepted by the leading scientistsof the world, is amusingly told by Th. Monod 

 and G. Moussu in the Bulletin de la Soci 'te Nationale d' Acclimatation de France, 

 15 September, 1913. The species was first announced by the distinguished zoologist 

 de Quatrefages, in the name of Dr. de Rochebrune, in 1880. 



In 1885 Dr. de Rochebrune discussed the possible origin of this third horn, which 

 was on the face of the animals. He decided that it was a typical specific character- 

 istic, and his opinion has always been accepted. 



It now appears that this horn is merely the result of an inoculation which has 

 been practiced upon many of the cattle of Senegambia since 1864, as a preventive 

 against peripneumonia. An incision is made in the face of the animal and serum 

 injected; the resulting inflammation causes the appearance of a bony projection 

 covered by a horny mass, which has outwardly the appearance of a true third horn. 

 A dissection at once shows, however, that it is merely an excretion. 



It will be necessary, then, for students to scratch Bos triceros off the list. 



An Explanation of Graft-Hybrids 



M. Lucien Daniel has made a communication to the "Academic des Sciences" 

 from which it appears that the anatomical examination of grafts of Helianthus on 

 Helianthus and of Opuntia on various cacti has revealed to him the existence of 

 internal adventitious roots formed in the stock and penetrating to various de])ths 

 in its tissues. Occasionally these roots even reach the soil and bestow complete 

 independence on the graft. M. Daniel considers this to be the probable explana- 

 tion of certain cases of hvbridization through grafting — Journ. Soc. Nat. Hort. 

 Fr., June, 1912, quoted in Journ., R. H. S., Aug., 1913. 



Galton's View of Eugenics 



I take Eugenics very seriously, feeling that its princi]3les ought to become one of 

 the dominant motives in a civiHzed nation, much as if they were one of its reHgious 

 tenets. — Francis Galton. 



The Scope of Eugenics 



Charity refers to the individual ; Statesmanship to the nation ; Eugenics cares for 

 both. — Francis Galton. 



