Punnett: Mendelism in Great Britain 89 



Among the experimental work in heredity of coat-color in cattle and 



progress in England should be men- horses and with the milking-capacity 



tioned that of Mr. Staples-Browne, of of cows. 



Bampton, near Oxford, who is con- Scotland has also made a start by 



tinuing his researches with pigeons, creating a Lectureship of Genetics in 



more especially with reference to sex- the University of Edinburgh, to which 



limited characters; also the work of Mr. Darbishire was recently appointed. 



Trow, of Cardiff, who has recently con- In conclusion, it should be mentioned 



tributed a valuable paper on inheritance that the study of genetics in Great 



in Senecio. In this paper and in another Britian is not confined to those w^ho 



shortly to appear Dr. Trow has made work on these islands. Cambridge 



a definite advance in the understand- sends her studencs all over the world, 



ing of those peculiar cases of associa- and the value of genetic research to the 



tion between characters to which ref- breeder is evidenced by the work of 



erence has already been made. Balls on cotton in Egypt, and by that 



In Ireland, Professor Wilson, of Dub- of Leake and of Howard on cereals, 



lin, has lately brought together a cottons, and other plants in India, 

 number of records dealing with the 



General Principles Not Enough 



So far as practical results are concerned, it is not enough for men of science to 

 nvestigate the facts and the principles of heredity, and to attempt to lay down the 

 principles of eugenics, as the science which deals with the improvement of the race 

 is now called. It is not alone enough for moralists to preach. The hope of the 

 future lies in the slow development of those habits, those social instincts arising 

 inevitably out of the actual facts of life and deeper than science, deeper than morals. 

 The new sense of responsibility — of responsibility not only for the human lives that 

 now are, but the new human lives that are to come — is a social instinct of this fun- 

 damental nature. Therein lies its vitality and its promise. — Havelock Ellis: The 

 Problem of Race Regeneration (1911). 



Scientific Knowledge Required 



The question of improving the human race in this country has lately excited a 

 good deal of attention. But without a scientific knowledge of the factors on which 

 improvement and degeneration depend the discussion is not likely to be of much 

 profit, and in such a case misdirected energy may be even worse than apathy. 

 Without venturing to make any very positive suggestions, it may be at least pointed 

 out that our present practice in these matters is in almost every case the very worst 

 possible. — R. H. Lock: Recent Progress in the Study of Heredity, Variation and 

 Evolution (1906). 



Careful Selection Necessary 



The principles of heredity teach us that education and training, however bene- 

 ficial they may be to individuals, have no material effect on the stock itself. If 

 they have any effect at all, this is undoubtedly unimportant in comparison with the 

 effect which woiild be produced by the selection of individuals which exhibit desirable 

 qualities. The demand for a higher birth-rate ought to apply strictly to desirables. 

 Instead of this the cry is for education and physical training, processes which can 

 have no permanent beneficial effect on the race. — R. H. Lock: Recent Progress 

 in the Study of Heredity, Variation and Evolution (1906). 



