218 



The loi'RXAL OF Heredity 



and Australoid than the women. The 

 Primitive and Iberian characteristics of 

 the Mariveles Negritos arc of such a 

 nature that they should be considered 

 as remnants of the fusion that must 

 have progressed for many centuries or 

 even thousands of years to have pro- 

 duced so homogeneous a blend. 



The origin of the Negrito may never 

 be known, but it seems plausible that 

 the Australoid is the true Negrito type 

 on which the Iberian and the Primitive 

 uypes have been grafted. The Iberian 

 came from Europe by way of India in 

 prehistoric migrations, and their com- 

 binations with the Australoid are repre- 

 sented by the Negritos of Mariveles 

 mountain and those of the eastern coast 

 of northern Luzon. The Primitive 

 came from the Orient, and has mingled 

 with the Iberian-Australoid Negrito 

 throughout the Philippines, altering the 

 form and straightening the hair of the 

 purer Negritos that existed before. 

 The more recent European contact with 

 the Negrito has had very little apparent 

 effect, although an occasional pure 

 Iberian may be found with dark skin 

 and kinky hair. The Negrito element 

 has entered to a considerable extent 

 into the present Filipino po]Julation, 

 although it may not be recognized with 

 ease because of the absence of kinky 

 hair. The Negritos have been losing 

 their identity by becoming incorporated 

 into the body of the surrounding 

 po]julation. Where once the Negrito 

 was fcmnd in all parts of the archipelago, 

 the only remaining centers in which they 

 exist in anything like their original 

 purity are the two already mentioned, 

 Mariveles mountain and the eastern 

 coast of Luzon. In all other i^arts the 

 kinky hair has practically disappeared 

 and the Negritos have taken on the 

 form of the surrounding population, 

 distributing their own fonns throughout 

 the regions roundabout. 



CHARACTHUS IN HEREDITY. 



Any conclusion reached after a stu(l\- 

 of the photogra])hs presented' must be 



tentative and subject to revision. It 

 does appear, however, that there arc 

 many inseparable factors in the com- 

 position of the individual, such as the 

 ear-form, nose-form and face-fonn, and 

 length of the extremities, that constitute 

 a "character-complex" which exists as 

 an entity and in inheritance may act as 

 a unit character. 



A "character-complex" is that group 

 of characters, such as the broad head, 

 broad nose, broad face and character- 

 istic ear, that, combined with small 

 stature, constitute the Primitive species, 

 which character-complex usually hangs 

 together in heredity, but may break up 

 when crossed with alien forms to create 

 new character-complexes. 



There is blending of one character- 

 complex with another, but this blending 

 probably does not take place at once 

 upon crossing two extremeh' different 

 character-complexes such as the Iberian 

 and the Primitive, or the Iberian and 

 the Australoid, but results in the reap- 

 pearance of one or the other character- 

 complex in pure form. . . . 



From this follows the second con- 

 clusion, which is that the kinky hair is 

 dominant over the straight hair when 

 the cross takes place among the Ne- 

 gritos; therefore a character-complex 

 may be obscured by kinky hair, so that 

 an otherwise pure Iberian may appear 

 to be a Negrito because of the character 

 of the hair. 



The following conclusions arc tenta- 

 tively made from observations of Euro- 

 peans, Filipinos and negroes. The 

 Iberian is the fundamental Euro])can 

 type, but modified Primitive and Aus- 

 traloid types may be found among Eu- 

 ropeans besides the composite types, 

 such as the Alpine, B.B.B.,* etc. The 

 Australoid is the fundamental negroid 

 type, but a great many Iberian and 

 Primitix'c fonns are fovmd among 

 negroes, and the comi)osite l\'])es are 

 also present. The Primiliw is the 

 fundamental tyi)e of the Orient and of 

 ihe Pacific ])coples, but both Il)crian 

 and Australoid as well as the composite 



•■'This refers to the photograi)lis ])resenle(l l)y Dr. Bean in liis original articles. He is not in 

 any way responsible for the i)hotoKraphs in these pages. 



■•'rhe B. B. B. is the hig-cerehejlunied, l)ox-heacle<l. Bavarian i)f Ranke, so-called l)v Beddoe. 

 —Bean. 



