388 The Journal of Heredity 



Ihc cranium and producing' the distinc- The j^rowth in inlelHgcnce and in the 



lively human forehead. In the diminu- powers of discrimination no doul^t led to 



tive prefrontal area of Pithecanthropus,^ a definite cultivation of the esthetic 



and to a less marked degree, Neander- sense, which, operating through sexual 



thai man,* we see illustrations of lower selection, brought about a gradual 



human types, bearing the impress of refinement of the features, added grace 



their lowly state in receding foreheads ^^ ^^le general build of the bod\-. and 



and great brow ndges However large demolished the greater part of its hairv 



the brain may be m Honw pnnn^emus, ^^^,^^- i^ ^Iso led to an intensifica- 



his small prefrontal region if we accept ^.^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^ distinctions, especiallv 



Boule and Anthony s f atcments is developin<. in the female localized 



sufficient evidence of his lowlv state of - •, r r ... .• . f \ ■ ..u 



intelligence and reason for his" failure in deposits of fattv tissue, not found in the 



the competition with the rest of man- apes, wnich produced profound a tcra- 



\^\^^ tions in the general form of the body. 



' Eug. Dubois, "Remarks upon the Brain-cast of Pithecanthropus," Proc. Fourth Intcrnat. 



Cong. Zool., Aug., 1898, published Cambridge, 1899, p. 81. 



« Boule and Anthony, " L'cncephale de I'homme fossile de la Chapellc-aux-Saints," L'Anthro- 

 pologie, tome 22, Xo. 2, 1911, p. 50. 



What Eugenics Means. 



A plea for more care in the use of the W'Ord "eugenics" is made by Roswell H. 

 Johnson in the last nimiber of the American Journal of Sociology (XX, 1. 9S. July, 

 1914). He points out the attempt of euthenists to appropriate the word to de- 

 scribe hygienic legislation, sex education, and even a milk and ice station for infants. 

 Such a use, he shows at length, was never contemplated by Sir Francis Galton. 

 who coined the word. He proposes that the term "projected euthenics" be used 

 to cover euthenics that has as its avowed object the bettering of a new generation — 

 for instance, by giving babies a proper start in life. Those who call themselves 

 cugenists may then, he says, "give their whole attention to those problems of 

 heredity and selection which they are peculiarly fitted to handle." 



Genetics and Eugenics. 



By way of conclusion we may then say that the exix'rimental study of inheritance 

 in jjiantsand animals is one of the main foundations u])on which i)rogress in scien- 

 tific eugenics must rest. Genetics is at once the guide and the support of eugenics. 

 — Raymond Pearl, in the Eugenics Review (1911). 



Eugenic Legislation. 



Legislating may be said to be a favorite American universal ])anacea for social 

 evilH. It is cheap, at least. * * * Is it not time that legislators stopped to 

 think if there is any knowledge extant upon which to base their laws and. if not, 

 to make an ai:)]jroi)riation to get the knowledge? Today, if a legislature is urged 

 to cure any social evil it i)roceeds to look for, and, if found, to cojjy an>- other 

 legislation on the subject, but not to spend a dollar on the study of the subject. 

 Very slowly, but I trust none the less surely, will legislation come to recognize that 

 research is'a basic function of the State. — Charles B. Davenport: Eugenics Record 

 Ofiice Bulletin No. 9 (State Laws Limiting Marriage Selection) (191.S ) 



