24 AMERICAN BLACK FLIES OR BUFFALO GNATS. 



less conspicuous thnu those on joints 4 and 5; joint 6 with armature; joints 

 7, 8, 9, and also subjoint [anal] less distinctly armed near anterior margin 

 with a continuous dorsal row of very minute posteriorly recurved points ; ven- 

 trally joints 6, 7, and 8 have each four very minute anteriorly recurved hooks. 



Cocoon. — ^Average length 3.5 """. Not completely made and not entirely cov- 

 ering the pupa, but tightly surrounding its lai'ger portion. Shape very irregu- 

 lar, with no distinct rim at the upper edge, which is more or less ragged. The 

 threads composing it are very coarse, and the meshes rather open and ordi- 

 narily filled with mud. Not always fastened separately to objects, but fre- 

 quently crowded together, without forming, however, such coral-like aggregations 

 as in some of the Northern species. 



The species fibred by Garman as the " buffalo-gnat " {S. pecuaruTn 

 Eiley) in Bulletin No. 159 of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment 

 Station, 1912, page 18, is not this species but hirtipes Fries. 



Note, — Unfortunately the bulk of the material in the collection is practically 

 nil from two localities and there are no males in either lot. Prof. F. M. Web- 

 ster's material, which included males, collected subsequent to the date on the 

 type lot, from the following localities : Madison and Vinland, Ark. ; Cypress 

 Mill, Marble Falls, and Devils River, Tex. ; and Wooster, Ohio, can not be 

 found. 



PARASIMULIUM, new g-enus. 



This genus differs in the female from Prosimulium Koubaud in 

 having the eyes much more widely separated at vertex, in having the 

 frons much higher than highest level of eyes when viewed from the 

 side, in having the face linear, in having the eye facets gradually en- 

 larged as they descend, and in the absence of the closed cell in the 

 wing (see PL I, jfig. 4). 



The male is unknown. 



Type of genus. — Parasirrmlium furcatum., new species. 



Parasimulium furcatum, new species. 



Female. — Black-brown, shining. Frons shining black, undusted; 

 face black; antennae with second joint black, remaining joints yel- 

 low; palpi black. Mesonotum shining black-brown, paler posteri- 

 orly; prescutum pale yellowish-brown; pleurae brown. Abdomen 

 brown, anal organs yellow. Legs pale yellow. Wings grayish, all 

 veins brownish, base of wing very pale yellowish-white. Halteres 

 with brown knob and yellow stalk. 



Frons very broad, widely divergent posteriorly, clothed with long, 

 close-lying, yellow-white hairs ; face very narrow, linear, raised ridge- 

 like centrally, surface brown-haired; antennae inserted at above half 

 the height of eyes, the basal joint very short and indistinct, the second 

 joint large, third joint slightly longer than second, and as long as 

 fourth and fifth together, fourth longer than fifth, fifth to tenth 

 i-ubequal, eleventh longer than tenth, pilosity pale, very short. 

 Scutum covered with close-lying yellow hairs except on j^osterior 

 third where it narrows and has only scattered, longer, upright hairs 



