MAMMALS COLLECTED IN SIAM. 359 
as this that races inhabiting small islands are often more differ- 
ent from the general form than those occupying large areas; 
ina small population a divergence from the normal, once started, 
has a better chance of succeeding and modifying the whole than it 
would in a large population; in the latter also, more divergences 
than one may arise which may modify each other and bring the 
population back more to the normal once again, 
CHIROPTERA. 
15. Pteropus vampyrus malaccensis. 
Pteropus vampyrus malaccensis, K. Andersen, Ann. & Mag. Nat, 
Hist. (8) ii, p. 368 (1908) ; id. Cat. Chir. Brit. Mus., I, p. 346 
(P9.12),; 1d. 2. Ze3..1916, p.. 39. 
Pteropus vampyrus intermedius, Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. 
Siam, IT, p. 11 (1916) [Krabin, Central Siam]. 
1 3, 22, Koh Mesan off Cape Liant, S. E. Siam. 
23 examples, Koh Pra Noi near Satahip, S. E. Siam. 
All these are undoubtedly malaccensis. I was, therefore, 
apparently wrong in thinking that the examples of this race which 
I obtained in 8. E. Siam were there as the result of migration 
across the Gulf of Sirm from the Malay States: and with the 
present material in hand I find that the specimen from Krabin 
determined as P. v. intermedius is a sub-adult malaccensis. It 
would appear more probable, therefore, that malaccensis ranges 
throughout the Malay Peninsula to South Tenasserim and thence 
across Southern Siam to Cambodia. 
Soe. 
Having been lent by the Indian Museum the specimens to- 
which the earlier references apply, I have gone into the synonymy 
given by Andersen in the “Catalogue” for P. intermedius which 
suggests that it occurs southward to Peninsular Siam; I find that 
Pteropus javanicus Blyth (Tenasserim) and Pteropus medius Blyth 
(S. Tenasserim) are respectively P. hypomelanus geminorum Miller, 
and a sub-adult example of maluccensis.* Pteropus medius ? 
Miller, was a young adult placed with hesitation under that name 
and my own reference is to the same animal. 
— 
All the remaining 
* “ Pteropus edulis” obtained by Dr. J. Andersen near Mergui 
(Journ, Linn. Soc. XXT (1889) p. 337.) also proves on examination to be a 
typical example of P. v. malaccensis. 
VOL. III, NO. 4, 1919, 
