Kearney: Pollination of Pima Cotton 



lOI 



individual seeds (lint index) and also 

 to be correlated, although less closely, 

 with the number of seeds in the boll. 

 It follows that if there were no variation 

 in the abundance of fiber per seed in 

 different bolls, the quantity of fiber 

 yielded by each boll would be directly 

 proportional to the number of seeds it 

 contains.^ 



There can be no doubt, in the light of 

 these facts, that thorough pollination, 

 which results in an increased number of 



seeds per boll, also increases the yield 

 of fiber. What, then, can the cotton 

 grower do to insure effective pollina- 

 tion? It is, of course, not in his power 

 to increase the number of wild bees 

 and wasps which visit his cotton flowers 

 but often honey bees also are effec- 

 tive pollinators. It would therefore 

 seem desirable to encourage the keep- 

 ing of bees in the vicinity of the cotton 

 fields and to watch their behavior in 

 relation to the crop. 



* The coefficients of correlation for these twelve samples, a perfect correlation being indicated 



by the value 1 .00, were as follows: 



Weight of fiber per boll with number of seeds per boll, r . 48 + . 1 1 



Weight of fiber per boll with lint index r= .90± .03 



The partial correlation weight of fiber with number of seeds for constant lint index, gave a 



value for r of . 98 ± . 006. 



FOREIGN-BORN WHITE FARMERS IN UNITED STATES 



There were 581,054 foreign-born 

 white farmers in the United States in 

 1920, according to the Fourteenth 

 Census, as compared with 669,556 in 

 1910. This represents a decrease of 

 88,502, or 13 . 2 per cent, for the decade. 

 The decrease in foreign-born farmers 

 was largely the result of the war, on 

 account of which large numbers re- 

 turned to their native countries. The 

 decrease in the number of German-born 

 farmers alone was 81,148. White farm- 

 ers born outside the United States 

 constituted nine per cent of the total 

 nuniber of farmers in the country in 

 1920, as against 10. -5 per cent in 1910. 



There are very few foreign-born 

 farmers in the South, except in Texas. 

 They are most numerous in the North 

 Central states, although there are con- 

 siderable numbers in the Pacific states ; 

 and a relatively high proportion of the 

 total number of farmers in some of 

 the Eastern states is foreign-born. 



The states reporting the largest num- 

 bers of foreign-born white farmers in 

 1920 were as follows: Minnesota, 

 67,305; Wisconsin, 53,998; Michigan, 

 48,264; North Dakota, 36,248; and 

 Iowa, 32,221. In Minnesota the 

 foreign-born white farmers formed 37.7 

 per cent of all farmers in 1920; in Wis- 

 consin, 28.5 per cent; in Michigan, 



24.6 per cent; in North Dakota, 46.7 

 per cent; and in Iowa, 15.1 per cent. 



COUNTRIES FROM WHICH FARMERS COME 



The foreign countries which contrib- 

 uted the largest numbers to the ranks 

 of the foreign-born white farmers in the 

 United States, as reported for 1920, 

 were Germany, with 140,652; Sweden, 

 with 60,442; Norway with 51,596; and 

 Canada, with 48,692. It should be 

 noted that this order by no means 

 corresponds to the order in which the 

 various foreign countries have contrib- 

 uted to the total population of the 

 United States. The immigrants from 

 certain countries, notably Italy, Po- 

 land, and Ireland, have gone chiefly 

 into pursuits other than agricultural. 



Of all the foreign-born white farmers 

 in the United States in 1920, 24.2 per 

 cent were born in Germany, 10.4 per 

 cent in Sweden, 8.9 per cent in Norway, 

 and 8.4 per cent in Canada. 



The states showing the largest num- 

 bers of German-born farmers in 1920 

 were Wisconsin, with 18,032; Minne- 

 sota, with 14,731; and Iowa, with 

 12,730. Of the farmers born in Sweden, 

 16,934, or more than one-fourth, were 

 in Minnesota. Of those born in Nor- 

 way 14,925 were in Minnesota, and 

 10,900 in North Dakota. 



