Swingle and Robinson: A New Tangelo 



^53 



borne singly or occuring in a cluster. 

 The average size is about equal to that 

 of a fair sized orange — 2^4 to 3 inches 

 in diameter. It is usually flattened 

 at the blossom end and this half of the 

 fruit is larger than the basal half. The 

 fruits in longitudinal section are usually 

 somewhat asymmetrical or "lop-sided." 

 The fruit in the illustration had nine 

 segments fairly regular, and contained 

 fourteen seeds (fruits usually averaging 

 ten to twelve seeds). The rind is thin or 

 of medium thickness (1/8" to 3/16"); 

 the core is small and solid; it is some- 

 times slightly open in fully mature 

 fruits. The rind is of pale yellow color 

 (Ridgeway's "Pinard Yellow" to "Pri- 

 muline Yellow") with rather con- 

 spicuous oil cells. 



One characteristic of the Sampson 

 tangelo may prove of advantage in the 

 rapid propagation of this type of fruit. 

 Seedlings of the Sampson tangelo have 

 been found to reproduce the original 

 type almost without exception, prob- 

 ably because of the seed being formed 



parthenogenetically, i.e., without fer- 

 tilization of the ovary. The seedling 

 thus becomes like a bud from the 

 mother plant, a characteristic that has 

 become apparent with a number of 

 Citrus hybrids when grown as second 

 generation seedlings. Seedlings of this 

 new hybrid are being tested out to 

 determine its behavior along this line. 



It is desirable to test out its produc- 

 tiveness, quality and season of matur- 

 ity on different stocks, and arrange- 

 ments have been made to do this in 

 several typical citrus sections in Flor- 

 ida. However, until such tests have 

 been made, the new fruit is not to be 

 recommended for grove planting. The 

 unusual combination of characters 

 shown in this hybrid, and especially 

 the occurrence of color in the lining 

 membranes and in the rind (though 

 absent in both parents) renders it 

 worth preliminary notice at this time. 



If found worthy of further propa- 

 gation, a suitable name will be assigned 

 to this new fruit. 



Protoplasm in Motion 



Ameboid Movement, by Asa A. 

 Schaeffer, Ph.D., professor of zoology, 

 University of Tennessee. Pp. 156, 

 price SI -75. Princeton Univ. Press, 

 Princeton, N. J., 1920. 



Few animals have played a larger 

 part in biological history than the 

 ameba. Its activities illustrate the 

 operation of the animal mind and body 

 in a simplicity that can hardly be sur- 

 passed, while the philosophical evolu- 

 tionist sees in this humble organism a 

 supposedly close approximation to the 

 earliest ancestor of the animals, man 

 included. 



One of the problems that has been 

 widely studied, largely in a theoretical 

 way, is the ameba's method of locomo- 

 tion ; because the same type of locomo- 

 tion is found widely diffused among 

 animals. Dr. Schaeffer has made 

 extended observations on the stream- 

 ing of protoplasm in the ameba, and in 



an interesting little monograph he 

 presents the results. "The wavy path 

 of the ameba represents a projection on 

 a plane surface of a helical spiral"; 

 it is not random but orderly. And 

 "the spiral path is not an acquired 

 habit," it "is supposed to be due to an 

 automatic regulating mechanism which 

 is present in all moving organisms"; 

 moreover "the mechanism is one that 

 attaches to the fundamental structure 

 of protoplasm rather than to the gross 

 morphology." It follows that "all 

 organisms without orienting senses or 

 equilibrating organs, or animals posses- 

 sing such organs which are rendered 

 ineffective by some means, will not 

 move in straight paths nor in any kind 

 of irregular path, but in orderly paths." 

 The diagrams of paths followed by 

 blindfolded men trying to walk in a 

 straight line illustrate this point fas- 

 cinatingly. — P. P. 



