38 JOURNAL OF THE WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES VOL, 13, No. 3 
(evidently misprinted), and “‘Onspée.’”’ It need occasion no surprise 
that the term appears alongside of the more common name Ofogoula 
in three of these cases. ‘“‘Ofogoula,’’ whether it was or was not de- 
rived from the term current within the tribe, was the one which had 
been adopted into Mobilian, the trade language of the lower Mississippi. 
The fourth is from the Jesuit Father Gravier who got all of his informa- 
tion from Father Davion at the Tunica mission or else from Tunica 
Indians directly. It is only natural that they should have employed 
merely the term current among themselves. Later, when the French 
came to know these Indians better, the foreign designation disappears, 
naturally enough, and only the name Ofogoula remains. 
This latter form certainly contains the Choctaw and Mobilian ending 
okla, people, and since ofe means “‘dog’”’ in the same languages it was 
natural that Du Pratz should translate the whole “dog people.”’ In 
Bulletin 47 I expressed the opinion that this was due to a confusion 
of the native name of the tribe, Ofo, with the Mobilian word ofe.!° It 
is, however, possible that the Mobilian designation had been com- 
pletely taken over by the people to whom it was applied. At any 
rate there are other evidences that the Ofo were at times actually 
called “Dog People.’’ Thus in an account of the route from the 
Illinois by the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico by Tonti, 
written between 1685 and 1690, he speaks of ““The Ionica (Tunica), 
Yazou, Coroa, and Chonque . . . . ontheriverof the Yazou” 
scattered along its lower course." The Ofo is the only known tribe 
to which the word Chonque might apply and it closely resembles the 
common Siouan term for ‘‘dog.” In Ofo this would be atchunki 
(achunke), but Tontihad Quapaw interpreters with him at times and 
in Quapaw it would be cufké (shunke). The name appears once 
more in the Carolana of Daniel Coxe, who says: “Ten leagues higher 
[on the Mississippi above the mouth of a river called ‘“Matchicebe” 
upon which dwelt the Mitchigamia], on the east side, is the river and 
nation of Chongue, with some others to the east of them.”’? It is also 
laid down upon his map. In this latter case there is nothing to 
identify the tribe mentioned with the Ofo except the resemblance 
between the name applied to them and that used by Tonti, and our 
inability to identify them with any other people. 
The map and text of Coxe present us, however, with another possi- 
bility which seems at one and the same time to throw more light on 
10 Bur. Amer. Ethnol. Bull. 47: 10. 
11 French, Hist. Coll. La.: 82. 1846. 
12 Coxe, Carolana, 12, 1741, and map. 
