JUNE 19, 1923 PROCEEDINGS: ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 263 
each day. The material, having become badly infested by mites, was then 
fumigated. Another small lot was overlooked and remained uncared for until 
the latter part of the winter 1921-22 when several puparia were found to con- 
tain pupae ina living condition. An effort was made to secure emergence from 
this lot by keeping them moist but without success. Several pupae remained 
alive until the latter part of the summer of 1922 but all were dead by the 
middle of November 1922, thus remaining alive as pupae for nearly two 
years. This material had been left in glass without soil. No inhabited room 
would seem to be much more unfavorable for dipterous pupae than this labora- 
tory since in the winter it is overheated and the air is exceedingly dry, the tem- 
perature reaching 80° to 85°F. daily. Under certain conditions, then, walnut 
maggots may not complete their transformations in a single year but can re- 
main in the puparium for two years if not more. While this observation was 
fragmentary, undoubtedly this is normal to the insect’s life history, sincea 
species dependent on an uncertain crop such as the nuts of the walnut and 
butternut could hardly survive if a single year’s failure of its food would 
starve it out. This result would be avoided if some pupae held over to 
another summer or longer. 
F. P. Kmene of the Pacific Coast Station of the Division of Forest Insects 
made a few remarks on the control of the pine bark beetles in Southern Oregon. 
During the past year the insect damage dropped 72%. Mr. Keene exhibited 
a chart showing the damage to the trees in Southern Oregon and Northern 
California caused by insects and fire. 
Cuas. T. GREENE, Recording Secretary. 
AN APPEAL FOR AID TO AUSTRIAN SCIENTISTS 
There has recently been referred to the WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
a report on the condition of Intellectual Life in Austria, from the committee 
on Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations. This was referred by 
the Board of Managers to a committee consisting of A. 8S. Hrrcncock, 
VeRNON Kettoaa, and H. L. SHantz, who have been authorized by the Board 
to issue the following statement. 
The report on intellectual life in Austria outlines the deplorable con- 
ditions at the universities, the very meager salaries (in depreciated crowns) 
received by the professors, and the high cost of living. Attention is called 
to the work of the Academy of Sciences at Vienna, which institution has been 
obliged to discontinue subscriptions to publications and to cease printing 
reports of its proceedings. 
Relief along certain lines is now being afforded. The American Relief 
Administration is still continuing a so-called ‘‘ professors’ mess’’ which is 
providing a daily meal of excellent quality to more than three hundred 
professors and instructors at a merely nominal price. Although the American 
Relief Administration has given up all of its other work (such as child 
feeding) in Austria it still carries on this special relief for intellectuals in 
Vienna, Graz, and Innsbruck, that is, in each university city. The Rocke- 
feller Foundation is just making arrangements to set up a considerable 
number of ‘‘fellowships”’ to assist the younger men of the Austrian university 
faculties. In addition, the Foundation is making some financial provision 
for the purchase of laboratory equipment and supplies in the laboratories of 
medical schools. It has also been arranged to pay subscriptions to American 
medical journals for these medical schools. 
