6 The Journal 
beautiful glowing rose. Seeds from 
this sport produced the same _ rose- 
colored form, which has remained abso- 
lutely fixed. It is of interest to add 
that through seeds the impure dominant 
has produced similar pink forms which 
have not bred true. 
Some three yeats ago Groth called 
attention to a seeming occurrence of 
‘xenia’ inthe peachtomato. This variety 
normally bears fruits which have much 
the appearance of very red peaches. 
The plants in question bore an occa- 
sional smooth fruit. Through corre- 
spondence, I later learned that experi- 
ments demonstrated certain fruits were 
smooth even when enclosed and pro- 
tected absolutely from pollination by a 
smooth sort. Here again, evidently, 
was a case of somatic segregation, 
worthy of further testing. A few seeds, 
said to be from a fruit showing an 
approach to smoothness, were kindly 
sent me. Seven plants have resulted 
from the sowing of a part of the packet; 
six of them have a few smooth fruits, 
many intermediate and a few which 
are rough. One plant has so far 
produced fifty-four fruits, all very rough 
and pubescent. It will be of interest to 
determine the behavior of seedlings 
from the several types of fruits. 
Tufts has pointed out a somatic 
segregation of characters in the Le Conte 
pear and Transcendent Crab apple, a 
segregation which closely approaches a 
simple Mendelian ratio. He ascribes 
this segregation to a hybrid origin of 
the two varieties. 
VARIATIONS IN BARTLETT PEAR 
A color variation of the Bartlett pear 
was found several years ago. It oc- 
curred as a branch on a normal tree, 
and differed from the normal in that 
the bark was a golden yellow, striped 
green and brown, and the fruit had 
prominent yellow stripes from calyx to 
stem. Buds from this branch have 
reproduced trees of two entirely dis- 
tinct types. The dark form is scarcely 
to be told from the ordinary Bartlett; 
the light form is a much less vigorous 
grower, has golden-yellow bark tinged 
with pink and grows very shrubby, 
producing large numbers of short 
of Heredity 
laterals. Normal Bartletts of the same 
age as the variegated trees bloomed 
to a limited extent last year, and pro- 
fusely this year. The light form pro- 
duced but two fruit clusters on a total 
of seven trees; the dark form had no 
fruit buds at all. The light form so far 
has not produced bloom from axillary 
buds on one-year wood, though normal 
trees have done so in abundance. This 
case is mentioned since it may possibly 
represent a case of perpetuation of a 
change in form, productiveness and 
color. 
The color of fruits of apple furnishes 
an interesting example of segregation. 
By comparing with breeding records 
the various colors expressed in the so- 
called banded fruits, it was concluded 
that in a number of varieties there were 
present several factors for color; that 
it is possible for any color to appear pure 
to any extent from a small segment to 
the entire fruit; and that if such segre- 
gation extends to a part which may be 
removed and propagated vegetatively, 
the segregation may be perpetuated. 
Among the varieties of apples so pro- 
pagated are Red Gravenstein, which 
has arisen at least twice, Red Rome, 
which -arose three times in one orchard 
within the last four years, and a blood- 
red Spitzenberg. Many other striped 
or banded forms among a wide range 
of fruits might be listed. Attention 
again is called to the fact, however, 
that among the apples of which a study 
was made, no colors truly new to the 
variety have appeared in the somatic 
segregations. 
As stated in the beginning, if muta- 
tions are regarded as the mere result of 
hybrid ancestry, then any variation 
which might be classed as such could 
be considered only as a segregation. 
Still there are instances of variations 
which do seem to be unexplainable on 
the basis of segregation and which 
certainly are not mere fluctuations. 
They are readily perpetuated by vege- 
tative propagation, are decidedly dis- 
tinct from the form from which they 
sprang, and seem to possess characters 
new to the individual. 
The case of the green and white 
variegation of foliage deserves particular 
