220 
breeder may think it best to work for 
two forms of fruit—the long, tending 
to cylindrical, for the hermaphrodite, 
and the obovoid for the pistillate. The 
fruits of such an orchard would be 
packed as two varieties. 
9. Uniformity in ripening—This is an 
important consideration. Some papayas 
ripen and decay at the outer end or the 
point while the inner half near the stem 
is too green to be eaten. The ideal 
papaya in ripening shows its first yellow- 
ing along the ribs about midway of the 
fruit and ripens uniformly toward each 
end. 
10. Coloring before softening—Some 
fruits ripen with very little color, while 
others acquire a beautiful golden yellow 
when still hard, and may be kept for 
several days. The latter are so much 
more attractive on the table and in the 
market that they should be sought after 
in breeding. 
11. Color of flesh—Those of pale 
whitish flesh must give place to the 
fruits of yellow, pink, or red color 
Crime and 
The National Committee on Prisons 
has organized a committee on eugenics 
to consider the constitutional basis of 
criminalistic behavior. The inquiries 
The Journal of Heredity 
within. Recently some have been 
grown at this station with a quite 
decidedly reddish hue. 
12. Easily separable placenta—If the 
placenta adheres tightly to the inner 
portions of the fruit and is more or less 
buried in the flesh, it is difficult to 
remove the seeds without marring the 
appearance of the fruit. On the other 
hand, it is a distinct advantage if the 
placenta and seeds can be readily 
removed without scraping the flesh. 
13. Flavor—This is without doubt 
the most important factor to be con- 
sidered. Experience has shown that 
specific flavors can be transmitted, and 
this affords the breeder an opportunity 
to originate and establish varieties of 
high quality. These flavors cannot 
well be described, but are easily recog- 
nized and appreciated. 
14. Keeping qualities—The ideal pa- 
paya should be a good keeper, and this 
character has been found often enough 
in the fruit of individual trees to lend 
much encouragement to the breeder. 
Heredity 
into family history are to be made by a 
field worker trained by the Eugenics 
Record Office. At present, opinions of 
experts on the subject differ widely. 
To Study Exceptional Children 
In connection with Stanford Univer- 
sity, in California, there has recently 
been established a research fellowship 
for the psychological and pedagogical 
study of backward and mentally defec- 
tive children. The endowment is known 
as the C. Annette Buckel Foundation. 
The first fellow under the foundation 
was J. Harold Williams, who devoted 
himself chiefly to the study of the in- 
telligence of delinquent boys, largely at 
the Whittier (Cal.) State School. A 
second bulletin has been issued by 
Lewis H. Terman, outlining the aims 
and purposes of the foundation, from 
which it appears that five lines of re- 
search are proposed: (1) Backward and 
feebleminded children; (2) delinquent 
or potentially delinquent children; (3) 
nervous, morbid, or psychopathic chil- 
dren; (4) children of superior ability; 
(5) normal children. The prospective 
plans for the development of the work 
call for an enlargement of the present 
foundation to include two or three addi- 
tional fellowships with an annual value 
of $1,000 each; two office or laboratory 
assistants; one or two field workers 
to collect data on the heredity of 
exceptional children, and a_ research 
professorship. More remotely there is 
contemplated the establishment of a 
hospital, school or home for the first- 
hand study of exceptional children, and 
for the practical training of special 
teachers of such.—Eugenical News. 
