REDFIELD EXPLAINS AND BROADENS 
HIS OFFER OF $1,000 
N THE Journat or Herepiry for 
February, 1916, was published my 
offer of $1,000 for data on heredity. 
The offer was divided into five parts 
as follows: 
1. An offer of $200 for any intellect- 
ually superior person produced by 
breeding which was more rapid than 
four generations in a century. 
2. Another $200 for any very superior 
person produced by breeding which was 
more rapid than three generations in a 
century. 
3. Another $200 for any case of 
improvement in the work-performing 
‘apabilities of any kind of animal which 
was not preceded by the performance 
of an unusual amount of work per- 
formed before reproducing by the three 
preceding generations. 
4. Another $200 for any case of a 
decline in work-performing capabilities 
failing to follow a deficiency of work 
performed in preceding generations. 
5. Another $200 for any group of 
animals in which the work-performing 
capabilities of the individuals of which 
were not proportional to the amount 
of work performed by their immediate 
ancestors (three generations) before re- 
producing. 
From a number of letters received it 
appears that the terms of the offer seem 
indefinite or ambiguous to many per- 
sons. For the benefit of such I am 
furnishing the following explanations 
and observations. 
The first thing to consider is the dis- 
tinction between a foot-pound and a 
cubic foot. Biological teaching has 
been concerned principally with the 
class of things measured by the cubic 
foot or corresponding unit. The offer 
relates to the class of things measured 
by the foot-pound or corresponding 
unit. 
A sick man does not hire his physi- 
cian by the cubic foot. He hires him 
for his foot-pounds of intelligence. 
286 
This is not to say that intelligence is 
ordinarily measured by the foot-pound, 
but it is to point out that intelligence 
belongs in that class of things measured 
by the foot-pound type of unit, and not 
in the class measured by the cubic foot 
type. 
A horse-power derived from a horse 
does not differ from a _horse-power 
derived from a steam engine. The 
result of a mathematical calculation 
performed by the human intelligence 
does not differ from the result of the 
same calculation performed by a cal- 
culating machine driven by a motor. 
Many automatic machines operated by 
mechanical power perform the identical 
work performed by the human intelli- 
gence and the human hand. 
HEAT THE SOURCE OF POWER 
A man can move and think only 
because of heat units derived from food. 
Shut off the supply of heat units and 
the animal dies. The germ can exist 
and go into the reproductive process 
‘only because of the heat units it re- 
ceives. Shut off the heat units and 
heredity ceases to operate. Heat units 
are the source of mechanical power. 
The above observations are for the 
purpose of pointing out that human 
intelligence, and animal powers of all 
kinds, have the same origin as mechan- 
ical power, and are transformable into 
the same work. Animal energy is 
identical with mechanical energy. 
There are certain laws relating to 
energy, which laws are definite and 
precise things in science. My offer 
raises the question of a conflict between 
present biological teaching and_ the 
presumably indisputable laws of an- 
other science. The last three sections 
of my offer were carefully worded with 
those laws in mind, and on the assump- 
tion that those laws are absolutely 
rigid for all forms of energy. 
All of my writings on this subject, 
