MANY CHINESE CHARACTERS VISIBLE 
This pony, photographed at Batangas, P. I., shows many of the traits which are found in the 
horses of China. 
It is learned from old records that the Spaniards, after they captured 
the Philippines, introduced many horses from China and Japan, which have helped to 
make the stock of the islands the complex mixture that it 1s today. 
died at Ansang, and that only two of 
the elephants survived in Sulu.” I 
mention these facts to demonstrate 
that the Rajah Baginda was a prince 
of some importance in Malaysia, and 
that there was communication between 
him and rajahs in the older region. 
The next arrival on our scene is Abu 
Bakr, a learned Muhammadan jurist 
who is supposed to have been born in 
Mecca, and to have lived in Malacca 
and Johore for some time, proceding 
eventually to Sulu by way of Sumatra 
and Brunei. He founded in Sulu the 
dynasty which was reigning at the time 
of the arrival of the Spaniards, June, 
1578. 
(Fig. 12.) 
Examining the information furnished 
by the early Spanish chroniclers,’ we 
read: ‘‘Cinnamon, ginger, myrobalans,* 
oranges, lemons, cucumbers, gourds, 
chickens, geese, deer, elephants, horses 
and other things are found there.” 
The statement that horses existed 
in the Muhammadan islands of the 
Philippine archipelago is substantiated 
by the report of Don Esteban Roderiguez 
de Figuerosa to Governor Sande in 
June, 1578: “These Moros are most 
dangerous people, being familiar with 
all manner of firearms and with horses.”’ 
The foregoing evidence makes me 
feel confident that before the discovery 
of the islands by Europeans, the natives 
2 Ms. chronicle belonging to Hajji Butu, prime minister to the Sultan of Sulu. 
3 “First Voyage around the World,” by Antonio Pigafetti (1519-1522). 
4 Probably the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica L. This Indian product enjoyed anciently a great 
reputation; modern pomologists who have eaten it consider it nearly worthless. 
s15 
