PREPARING TO POLLINATE PEARS 
: flower may be held as shown above, and its top jerked off with a sharp scalpel. This re- 
moves all the pollen-bearing parts of the flower, but leaves the stigma and ovary. ‘There 
is then no danger of self-pollination, which would result in a mix-up of heredity. A corolla 
which has been removed is shown in the upper right-hand part of the picture; a little to the 
left, below it, is a cluster of flowers which have been emasculated and are now ready to be 
cross-pollinated. The pollen must be secured from other flowers by removing the buds a 
day before they open. Four such buds are shown in the photograph. The anthers are 
taken from them and kept in some convenient way; the glass petrie dish full of anthers, 
hown at the bottom of the above picture, is much used. The tag illustrates how crosses 
hould be marked to avoid confusion. Further details of the operations are given in the 
text. Photograph from Maryland Experiment Sta. Bull. No. 196. (Fig. 4.) 
