506 The Journal 
showing nothing to lead one to suppose 
that the Loganberry was other than a 
good species. 
“Finally, in 1910, the writer succeeded 
in obtaining a hybrid between the 
Loganberry and the common English 
blackberry, Rubus ulmaefolius. This 
proved to be the most fertile of all the 
hybrids made, setting almost complete 
fruits when left to natural pollinating 
agencies and setting fairly well when 
isolated. The Fy, is, again, more or 
less intermediate. The down on the fruit 
is a clean dominant, coming from the 
Loganberry; the taste is a - peculiar 
mixture of Loganberry and blackberry— 
it is interesting to note here that the 
flavor of the Loganberry, which was 
regarded as a hybrid flavor, is almost 
a dominant. The color of the fruit 
is almost black and the shape not quite 
so long as that of the Loganberry. 
“A second generation of this cross 
has been grown in Buenos Aires giving 
the very segregation expected, namely, 
an almost imperceptible gradation -be- 
tween plants which would pass for 
Rubus ulmaefolius, and others which 
would almost pass for Loganberry. 
Here again it must be noted that there 
are no plants which approach the rasp- 
berry. Unfortunately, all which have 
fruited so far have been nearly sterile. 
This is probably because, in the hot, 
dry summer of Buenos Aires, Rubus 
ulmaefolius does not fruit. 
“From these scattered observations 
it will be seen that the Loganberry 
has behaved throughout as a good 
species, neither breeding perfectly true 
from seed, nor yet showing more varia- 
tion than was to be expected in a species. 
Used either as a seed parent, or a pollen 
parent, it gave, when crossed with wild 
species, very uniform hybrids, and some 
variation when used with cultivated 
varieties, which are not genetically 
pure. 
“It therefore seems that, unless we 
can conceive of a hybrid which has 
resulted gametically pure in the first 
generation, we must reject the commonly 
accepted idea of the origin of the 
Loganberry.” 
The fact that the Loganberry some- 
times, at least, breeds true from seed 
of Heredity 
has been long known. Dr. L. Trabut, 
botanist of the Government of Algeria, 
stated to the writer in 1913 that he had 
been growing it from American seed 
and that it came true. Similar results 
have been secured on the Pacific coast; 
at other times, considerable variation 
has been observed, although the writer 
has seen no record of any such amount 
of variation as would be expected of a 
hybrid in its F, generation. : 
In order to get the opinions of some 
American students of the genus Rubus, 
the editor wrote to U. P. Hedrick, of the 
New York (Geneva) experiment station, 
and to C. I. Lewis, of the Oregon 
experiment station. Mr. Hedrick re- 
plied that he had had no _ personal 
experience with the Loganberry but that 
a number of things had recently led 
him to suspect that it is not a hybrid, 
but a true species. 
Mr. Lewis wrote that he was under- 
taking an extensive experimental test 
and in advance of the completion of this 
could not make a full statement. He 
expressed his own belief, which he said 
was now that of most of the workers on 
the Pacific coast, that the commonly 
accepted story of the hybrid origin 
of the Loganberry is not correct, but 
that it is a true species, as good as 
plenty of other species in the genus 
Rubus which, as is well known, is much 
confused and, due to natural hybridity 
or some other cause, is highly variable. 
If the Loganberry is a good species, 
it must have a habitat somewhere, 
aside from Judge Logan’s back yard. 
Why is it that it has never been reported 
elsewhere ? 
Mr. Lewis thinks it has been reported, 
and that there are records of its sporadic 
occurrence in various parts of California, 
Oregon and Washington. It may be a 
species of comparatively recent origin, 
as its variability suggests. The Oregon 
station is gathering a collection, and 
will undertake by breeding to arrive 
at the real origin of the Loganberry. 
ividence will probably be available 
within a few years, and it looks now as 
if this evidence would pretty definitely 
destroy the present belief in the natural 
cross between a blackberry and red 
raspberry. It is more probable, as 
