ELISHA MITCHELL SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY 108 
easterly and southerly direction for a distance of but 
little more than 25 miles; but in this distance it crosses 
the course or strike of the rocks at right angles. The 
changes in the character of the rocks are numerous, the 
rocks even being schistose and slaty in places and the 
stream is literally a succession of shoals, the aggregate 
fall being not less than 175 feet. At a point some 10 
miles south of Statesville, as will be seen on the small 
map, the river reaches the typical granite belt of 
this region and flows thence southward for a distance of 
approximately 40 miles, where it crosses the state line 
into South Carolina. In this part of its course the rocks 
of the region are again more nearly uniform, and though 
there are several shoals of importance, as those at Cowans 
ford, Mountain Island, and Tuckaseegee, yet the number 
of these shoals in proportion to the distance is much 
smaller than in the 25-mile section next above. 
ON THE TRIBUTARIES OF BROAD RIVHR. 
Among the tributaries of the Broad in Cleveiand and 
Rutherford counties,the streams descend rapidly from 
the South Mountains along the upper border of these 
counties down to the general plain of the Piedmont 
plateau, flowing in a southerly and southeasterly di- 
rection nearly at right angles to the general strike 
of the rock, and in this way encountering the great- 
est number of changes in the character of these rocks, 
which results in conditions most favorable for the develop- 
ment of waterpower. Hence it is that we have in this 
region a large number of valuable waterpowers, seme 
half dozen of which are already operating cotton-mills, 
while others are soon to be utilized in the same way. 
CONDITIONS IN THE SLATY AND GNEISSIC AREAS COMPARED. 
In any study of the streams and waterpowers of the 
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