6 



Liun. Genus Larva instituted for tlie Puffins. Genus Alca " Linn." adopted 

 for crislatella. 



(1818.) Transactions of the Linniean Societ)/, xii. — Sabine re-names the thick- 

 billed Guillemot, as " Uria Briinnichii ;" Leach, a few pages further on, bestows 

 another name on the same bird, — " Uria Francsii." 



(1819.) Merrem. — Genus Simorhynchus instituted, v,-ii\i Alca cristatellaV&Wa.s, 

 as type. (Fide G. R. Gray.) 



(1820.) Temminck, Man. Orn., ii. — Genus Phaleris instituted, with psillacula 

 Pall, as type ; containing this species and cristatella Pall. 



(1821.) Naumann, Isis, p. 779, pi. 7. — The three known species of Fratercula 

 (" Mormon," 111.) are reviewed, with figures of the heads. A fourth species. 

 Mormon corniculatum, is added. (Species now twenty-two.) 



(1823.) LiCHTENSTEiN, Verzeichutss , etc. — Alca camtschatica Lepechen is re- 

 named " Mormon superciliosum." A certain " Uria Mandtii"is established, 

 which is frequently quoted as a synonym of Uria columl/a, but appears to be 

 rather an imperfect state of plumage of grylle. 



(1824-5.) Stephens. Continuation of Shaw's Gen. Zool., xii., xiii. — The species 

 of the sub-family Urinx are all included in the genus Uria; the type of the 

 genus — grylle — is re-named " scapularis." Phaleris Temm. is adopted for the 

 Starikis, comprehending psiltacula, tetracula^ cristatella and " pygmaea," the 

 latter being the same as Gmelin's species of that name. Fratercula Briss. is 

 adopted for the Puffins, though Synthliborvmphits antiginis is included in the 

 same genus. F. glacialis Leach appears.* Ray's specific name for Merguhis 

 alle melanoleucus — is adopted. Utainania n. g.,-}- based upon A. torda, is in- 

 stituted ; Alca " pica " is also ranged under it as a valid species, — making its 

 last appearance upon the ornithological stage. (Species now twenty-three.) 



(1827.) Bonaparte, Zoological Journal, iii. — Alca monocerata Pall., redes- 

 cribed as " Phaleris cerorhynca." 



(1828.) Bonaparte, Syn. Birds U. S. in Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. ii. — Alca 

 monocerata Pall, redescribed as " Cerorhinca occidentalis." In a foot note, 

 under head of " Phaleris cristatella Temm.," Bonaparte quotes : "Alca cristatella 

 et pygmtea, crested or flat-billed Auk, Lath. syn. iii. pi. 95, fig. 4. Phaleris 

 cristatella Pi. Color. No. 200. ^ Alca cristatella Vieill. Gal. Ois. p. 297." (!) 

 (1828.) Vigors, Zoological Journal, iv. — " Uria brevirostris" named. This is 

 undoubtedly the young of a previously known species of Brachyrhamphus, but 

 has never been positively identified. It is usually regarded as the young B. 

 marmoratus. 



(1829.) EscHSCHOLTZ, Zoological Atlas. — Genus Chimerina instituted upon 

 Alca monocerata, Pall., and the species called " Chimerina cornuta." Genus 

 Ombria instituted upon Alca. psittacula, Pall., upon which Temminck had pre- 

 viously based his Phaleris. 



(1829.) Kaup. . — Genus Cyclorrhynchas instituted upon Alca, psittacida 



Pall. (Fide G. R. Gray.) 



( ?j Temminck, Planches Col oriees. (No. 579). — "Uria" Wurmizusume des- 

 cribed and figured. (Species now twenty-four.) 



(1837) Brandt, Bull. Sc. Acad. Imper. St. Petersburg, ii. — During the time 

 between the close of Dr. Pallas' labors and the appearance of Prof. Brandt's 

 paper, there was a great deal of subdividing and re-arranging of the Alcidcc, and 

 much sawing of the air in a variety of ways; but, bej'ond the addition of three 

 species, nothing new or specially noteworthy was put forth. Prof. Brandt 

 originates a new classification of the Auks, (the first one which lays claim to 

 any truly scientific character), institutes several new genera, and describes four 

 new species, besides re-naming some others. 



* Thi.s upecif s must liave liecn previously namerl elsewhere, since Naumanu has it in 

 the Isis in 1821 ; perhaps in the Trans. Linn, Soc. of 1818, or tliereabouts. 

 + Nameil in 1816. 

 X PI. Color. No. 200 represents camtschatica Lepeehin, not cristatella Pallas. 



