mirror on wing coverts. Nearly divided in two by a broad rather curved ob- 

 lique line of blackish. No white on under wing coverts, these being grayish- 

 brown. Bill and claws black. Mouth and feet vermillion red, tinged with 

 carmine. "Iris white " (label). 



Length 13-00; e.xtent 23-00 ; wing 7-00 ; tail 2-20; tarsus 1-25; middle toe 

 and claw 1-90, outer do. the same, inner do. 1-46; bill along culmeu 1-20, 

 along rictus 1-80, along gonys -65 ; depth at base -40 ; width -30. 



This species closely resembles TJ.grylle; butditfersin being upon an average 

 larger, the wing particularly longer ; the bill stouter, straighter, more obtuse 

 at the jioint ; and the marking of the wings different, as above described. The 

 changes of jjlumage and the individual variations, as exhibited in the large 

 series of specimens examined, and entirely parallel with those of Una (jriille. 



It is worthy of note that this species occurs, in summer, u])on the Pacific 

 coast of America, much south of the corresponding latitudes on the Atlantic 

 coasts frequented at this season by U. grylle. 



One of the earliest indications, if not the first, of this species, may be recog- 

 nized in the variety of the Black Guillemot from Kamtschatka, described by 

 Pennant. This is said to have a white oblique line issuing from the white 

 spot on the wing. The var. B o^ grylle of Latham and Donndorff is the same 

 bird. Pallas appears to be the first to bestow a specific name. The question 

 involved in the Uria Mandtii, Licht., has already been considered in the pre- 

 ceding article. 



Uria carbo, (Pall.) Brandt. 



Cepphus carbo, VaUas, Zoog. B,.- A. ii, 1811, p. 350, pi. 19. " C. tridactylus, 



totus niger, orbites albis," etc. 

 Uria {Grylle) carbo, BTundt, Bull. Acad. St. Petersb. ii, ISST, p. 346. "Tola 



nigra, pedibus rubris, orbita et stria ab orbites pone oculos ducta albis." 

 Uria [Cephiis) carbo, Bonaparte, Comptes Rendus, 1856, xlii, p. 774. 

 Uria carbo. Gray, Genera Birds, 1849, p. 644. Cassin, Baird's B. N. A. 1858, 



p. 913. pi. 97. Quotes Reich. Voilst. Naturg. Aves., pi. 375, fig. 2937. Cassin, 



Pr. A.N. S. Philada. 1862, p. 323 (Japan). 

 Alca carbo, Schlegel, Urinatores Mus. Pays-Bas, livr. ix, 1867, p. 17. 



"In oceano orientale circa insulas Aleuticas, prajsertim Unalaschka" 

 (Pallas), Kamtschatka (Mus. Acad. Philada.), Japan (Mus. Smiths. Inst.) 



Sp. Ch. — Larger than grylle and columba ; the bill especially larger, stouter 

 and straighter. Feathers of nasal fossae and those around base of lower man- 

 dible whitish. A 

 conspicuous white 

 area around eyes, 

 and extending an 

 inch or so behind 

 them. No white 

 on either surface 

 of wings. Rest of 

 plnmage brown- 

 ish-black, becom- 

 ing ashy black on 

 the under parts ; 

 perhaps deep 



Fig. 15. — CVia carfeo.— Nat. size. plumbeous black, 



with a shade of greenish, in more mature specimens than those examined. 

 Bill black. Legs and feet chrome yellow, tinged with vermillion, webs coral 

 red in the dried state ; probably vermillion or carmine red in life. 



Length 14 to 15 inches ; wing 7-75 ; tail 2-50 ; culmen 155 ; commissure 

 2-20 ; from feathers on side of lower mandible to tip 1-50, tarsus 1-36 ; middle 

 toe and claw 2-10, outer 2-00, inner 1-60. 



