79 



tips to the secondaries. Subsequently several names have been proposed, as 

 will be seen bvthe synonymy adduced; each basjd upon the head-markings. 

 The bird has also frequently been described as trade, var. 



LoMViA CALIFORNICA, [Bryant,] Coues. 



? Cepphus lomvia, Pallas, Zoog. R.-A. ii, 1811, p. 345, synon. excl. 



Uria troile, Newberry, Pacific R. R. Rep. vi, pt. iv, 1857, p. 110. Not of 



authors. (Coast of California ) 

 Uria Brunmchii, Heermann, Pacific Rr. Rep. x, 1859, Route to California, 



Birds, p. 75 : synon. excl. Not of authors. (Parrallone Islands.) 

 Catarractes caiifomicus, Bryant, RIonog-r. Gen. Cat. Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H., 18GI, 



p. II, figs. 3 and 5. (Farrallone Islands, coast of California.) 



Pacific coast of North America. Farrallone Islands, coast of California ; 

 breeding; (.Mus. Smiths. Inst, and Cab. H. Bryant; the types of the species:) 

 Sitka, Russian America; wintering; Mus. Smiths. Inst.) 



Fig. 16. — Lomvia calif ornicayCBTy.) Nat. size. 



(No. 17404, Mus. Smiths. A type of the species.) Entirely like troile, except 

 in the form of the bill. Bill somewhat longer than that of troile, on an 

 average ; deeper at the base, less decurved towards the tip, the several outlines 

 straighter. Culmen straight to near the tip, then moderately defiexed ; rictus 

 almost perfectly straight in its entire length, the commissural edge of the 

 upper mandible toward its base somewhat expanded and everted, as in svarbag, 

 though not to the same degree ; the feathers on the side of the upper mandible 

 not covering the tomial edge until very near the angula oris ; gonys perfectly 

 straight and very long, with a corresponding shortness of the mandibular 

 rami ; the angle at symphysis prominent, acute. " Iris white," (collector's 

 label.) Length 16-00; extent 27-00, (label ;) wing 8-00; tail 2-25; tarsus 

 1-40, middle toe and claw 2-25, outer do. 2-10, inner do. 1-70 ; bill along culmen 

 1-90, along rictus 2-90, along gonys 1.30; its depth at angle of gonya -60, its 

 width opposite base of nostrils -35. 



Winter plumage. — (No. 46522, Mus. Smiths. Sitka, Nov. 1866.) In this speci- 

 men the bill is shorter (1-75 along culmen) than in the type above described, 

 and the culmen and rictus are more decurved. The peculiar shape, however, 

 is still preserved, the lower mandible being deep and very prominent at the 

 eminentia symphysis. The bird is probably one of the first winter. Th e 

 plumage is entirely parallel with that of troile at the corresponding season. 

 The upper parts are fully as dark as in the average of winter specimens of the 

 latter species. The white of the under parts extends to the bill, and along the 

 edge of the under mandible and eyes. Further back it invades the sides of 

 the occiput and nape, where it is separated from the white of the throat by a 

 prominent well defined spur of dark color protruding from the eye. 



