APETALAE 7 



Perianth present in the hermaphrodite and female flowers. ... 69 



55. Ovary completely i-celled 56 



Ovary 2 — ^4-celled, at least in its lower half 65 



56. Ovule solitary, rarely {Balanophoraceae) ovules 3 57 



Ovules numerous, rarely {Casuarinaceae) 2 63 



57. Ovule basal or attached by a basal funicle 58 



Ovule apical or adnate to the wall of the ovary 62 



58. Ovule straight 59 



Ovule incurved or inverted 61 



59. Flowers in fascicles, the male with a perianth. Stamens i — 5. Stigma i. 



Fruit dry. Seed albuminous 54. Urticaceae. 



Flowers in spikes, the male without a perianth, but sometimes with 2 — 6 

 bracteoles. Stamens 2 — 12. Fruit succulent 60 



60. Flowers unisexual. Stigmas 2, thread-like. Fruit a drupe. Seed exal- 



buminous. Trees, shrubs, or undershrubs. Leaves without stipules. 



Myrica, 48. Myricaceae. 

 Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous, more rarely unisexual, but then 

 leaves stipulate. Fruit a berry. Seed with copious albumen. 



46. Piperaceae. 



61. Ovule incurved. Stigmas 2 — 5. Seed with curved embryo. Flowers 



usuall}^ in glomerule-, or spike-like cj^mes. . 67. Chenopodiaceae. 



Ovule inverted. Stigmas i — 2. Seed with straight embryo. Flowers 



usually in heads 226. Compositae. 



62. Leaves well-developed, stipulate. Green plants. Ovule solitary, free. 



53. Moraceae. 

 Leaves scale-like. Coloured (not green) herbaceous plants. 



62. Balanophoraceae. 



63. (56.) Ovules 2, ascending, straight. Male flowers with a 2-parted perianth. 



Stamen i. Fruit a nut. Trees or shrubs. Leaves whorled, scale-like. 

 Male flowers in spikes, female in heads. Casuarina, 45. Casuarinaceae. 

 Ovules numerous, inverted. Male flowers without a perianth, but some- 

 times with a disc. Fruit a capsule. Leaves well developed. Flowers 

 in spikes or catkins 64 



64. Flowers with a disc sometimes replaced by scales. Stamens 2 or more. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, entire toothed or lobed, stipulate. 



47. Salicaceae. 

 Flowers without a disc. Stamen i (or stamens 2 with united filaments.) 



Aquatic herbs Hydrostachys, 94. Hydrostachyaceae. 



^5- (55-) Ovary 2-celled at the base, with i ovule in each incomplete cell. Styles 

 2. Stamens 4. Trees or shrubs. Flowers in spikes or catkins. 



50. Betulaceae. 



Ovary completely 2 — ^4-celled. 66 



66. Ovules solitary in each ovary-cell. 67 



Ovules 2 or more in each ovary-cell. Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite. 

 Male flowers without a perianth 68 



