12 APETALAE 



Ovary closed. Stamens 4 or more ; if 10 or more, then perianth deeply 

 divided 117 



117. Stamens as many as perianth-segments, 4 — 6, surrounded by a corona. 



Styles 3, free or united at the base. . . . 161. Passifloraceae. 

 Stamens more than perianth-segments, 6 — 40. Shrubs or trees. 



159. Flacourtiaceae. 



118. (71.) Ovules solitary in each ovary-cell 119 



Ovules 2 or more in each ovary-cell 129 



119. Ovules erect or ascending. 120 



Ovules pendulous or descending 124 



120. Style I, with i — 3 stigmas. Stamens inserted within the disc or at its 



edge. Flowers polygamous or unisexual. Seeds albuminous. Leaves 



pinnate, exstipulate 134. Sapindaceae. 



St3ies 2 — 10, free or united below. Seeds albuminous, rarely exalbumin- 

 ous, but then leaves stipulate. Leaves undivided or lobed. . . 121 



121. Perianth-segments 3 or 6. Stamens 3. Flowers unisexual or polygamous. 



Dwarf shrubs . 125. Empetraceae. 



Perianth-segments 4 — 5. Stamens 4 or more 122 



122. Seeds with straight embryo. Fruit drupaceous. Styles 2 — 4, united 



below. Stamens 4 — 5, perigynous. Perianth valvate in bud. Shrubs. 



Leaves stipulate, alternate 137. Rhamnaceae. 



Seeds with curved embryo and mealy albumen. Fruit dry, rarely baccate. 

 Herbs or undershrubs, rarely shrubs, but then leaves exstipulate. 123 



123. Flowers sohtary or in cj'mes. Herbs or undershrubs. . 72. Aizoaceae. 

 Flowers in spikes or racemes 71. Phytolaccaceae. 



124. Stamens hypogynous 125 



Stamens perigynous 127 



125. Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth-segments 4. Stamens 2, 4, or 6. 



Ovary-cells 2. Seeds exalbuminous ; embryo curved. Herbs. Leaves 



exstipulate Lepidiiini, 88. Cruciferae. 



Flowers unisexual, rarely hermaphrodite, but then perianth-segments 5, 

 ovary-cells 5, and leaves stipulate 126 



126. Flowers unisexual. Leaves simple or palmately compound. Ovary 



usually 3-celled 122. Euphorbiaceae. 



Flowers hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual, but then leaves pinnate and 

 ovary surrounded by large scales. Ovary 5-celled. Leaves compound, 

 stipulate 113. Zygophyllaceae. 



127. Flowers unisexual or polygamous. Perianth of the male flowers consisting 



of calyx and corolla, that of the female and hermaphrodite flowers 

 simple, valvate in bud. Stamens 5. Styles 2. Fruit capsular. 

 Embryo straight. Leaves stipulate. 



Trichodadiis, 101. Hamamelidaceae. 

 Flowers hermaphrodite. Perianth simple. Leaves exstipulate. . . 128 



128. Style and stigma simple. Embryo straight. Shrubs. Leaves alternate. 



171. Thymelaeaceae. 



