l6. GRAMINEAE 87 



Stigmas projecting near the base of the spikelet, feathery. Outer glumes 

 with usually long awns. — Species 6. North Africa, Abyssinia, and 

 South Africa. Some are used as ornamental plants. *' Bcardgrass." 



Polypogon Desf. 



60. (52.) Racemes bearing at their base a false whorl of 4 male or neuter spike- 



lets and subtended by a spathe-like bract, more rarely without a bract. 61 



Racemes wdthout a whorl of male or neuter spikelets at their base, rarely 



surrounded by an imperfect whorl of spikelets, but then racemes in pairs 



subtended by a common spathe 62 



61. Hermaphrodite spikelets produced at the base into an appendage decurrent 



along the rachis, easily separating from the whorl of spikelets below them. 



— Species 2. (Authisiiria L. hi.) Themeda Forsk. 



Hermaphrodite spikelets without a decurrent appendage at the base, 

 falhng together with the whorl of spikelets below them. — Species i. 

 Naturalized in the Island of Mauritius. (Under Anthistiria L. fil.) 



Isellema Anders. 



62. Spikelets all stalked, in pairs, the longer -stalked hermaphrodite, the shorter- 



stalked male. Rachis of the raceme indistinctly jointed. Racemes 

 terminal, solitary or 2 — 3 together. — Species i. Tropical and South 



Africa. Trachypogon Nees 



Spikelets partly sessile, partly stalked. Rachis of the raceme distinctly 

 jointed, fragile at maturity, rarely indistinctly or not jointed, but then 

 spikelets in clusters of three, arranged in panicles 63 



63. Lowest outer glume marked with two transparent balsamiferous streaks, 



usually 2-toothed. Glumes awnless. Racemes solitary ; rachis nearly 

 always silky. — Species lo. Tropical and South Africa. 



Elionurus Humb. & BonpL 



Lowest outer glume without balsamiferous streaks. Flowering glumes of 



the sessile spikelets awned, very rarely awnless and then racemes nearly 



always panicled 64 



64. Flowering glumes awned from the back. Leaves cordate at the base. 



(See 55.) Arthraxon Beauv. 



Flowering glumes awned from the tip or awnless. Leaves not cordate. — - 

 Species no. The sorghum or Guinea corn {A. Sorghum Brot.) is culti- 

 vated as a cereal and used tor manufacturing sugar, spirituous drinks, 

 dyes, and brushware. Other species are used in perfumery (lemon-grass, 

 vetiver-root) and medicine, for plaiting- work, or as fodder- or garden- 

 plants. (Including Anatherum Beauv., Chrysopogon Trin., Cymhopogon 

 Spreng., Euclaste Franch., Heterochloa Desv., Heteropogon Pers., Homo- 

 pogon Stapf, and Sorghum Pers.) Andropogon L. 



65. (i.) Leaf-blade jointed with the sheath and finally separating from it, 



often contracted at the base into a short stalk, usually transversely 

 veined. Stem generally woody. [Subfamily BAMBUSOIDEAE.] 66 



