l6. GRAMINEAE 



95 



132. Flowering glume somewhat longer than the outer. Outer glumes unarmed. 



— Species 4. North Africa to Senegambia, East Africa, Madagascar. 



Heleochloa Host 



Flowering glume much shorter than the outer. Outer glumes mucronate 



or shortly awned. — Species 5. North Africa to Senegambia. Some 



species have edible seeds or are used as ornamental grasses. Ph. pra- 



tense L. is a valuable fodder-grass. " Timothy-grass." Phleum L. 



133. Flowering glume harder than the outer glumes at maturity, tightly 



enclosing the fruit. Axis of the spikelet not prolonged beyond the 



flower. [Subtribe stipinae.J 134 



Flowering glume thinner than the outer at maturity, loosely enclosing 

 or not enclosing the fruit, rarely harder or tightly enclosing the fruit, 

 but then the axis of the spikelet prolonged into a bristle. . . . 137 



134. Flowering glume awnless. — • Species i. North-west Africa (Algeria). 



Yields edible seeds and is used as an ornamental grass. Milium L. 

 Flowering glume awned 135 



135. Flowering glume narrow, with a 3-branched awn, but the lateral branches 



sometimes very short. Lodicules 2. — Species 80. Some of them have 

 edible seeds or are used as fodder. (Including Arthratherum Beauv.) 



Aristida L. 

 Flowering glume with a single awn 136 



136. Flowering glume narrow, with a strong, kneed, usually twisted, persistent 



awTi. Palea not distinctly keeled. Lodicules usually 3. — Species 15. 

 North Africa, northern East Africa, Madagascar, and South Africa. 

 The Esparto-grass [St. tenacissima L.) is used for the manufacture of 

 paper, ropes, and in plaiting-work, other species as ornamental grasses 

 (feather-grass) ; some have edible seeds. [Stiipa L., including Macro- 



chloa Kunth) Stipa L. 



Flowering glume broad, with a fine, short, deciduous awn. Palea 2- 

 keeled. Lodicules usually 2. — Species 3. North Africa, one species 

 also introduced into South Africa. {Piptatherwn Beauv.) 



Oryzopsis Michx. 



137. Fruit not enclosed by the glumes ; pericarp usually loose and dehiscing. 



Axis of the spikelet not produced beyond the flower. Glumes imarmed. 

 Flowering glume usually longer than the outer ones. — Species 60. Some 

 of them jaeld edible seeds or are used as fodder and for plaiting-work. 

 (Including Triachyrium Höchst, and Vilja Beauv.) Sporobolus R. Br. 

 Fruit enclosed by the flowering glume and the palea ; pericarp usually 

 adnate to the seed. ... 138 



138. Spikelets of two kinds, the fertile surrounded by the sterile, which consist 



of numerous glumes. Flowering glume i -nerved, with a dorsal av/n. — 

 Species i. North Africa and Abyssinia ; also introduced into South 

 Africa. Used as an ornamental grass. [CJirysicrus Fers.) 



Lamarckia Moench 

 Spikelets all alike I39 



