124 29- PONTEDERIACEAE — 30. CYANASTRACEAE — 3I. JUNCACEAE 



2. Perianth funnel-shaped, with a distinct tube. Filaments thread-like. Anthers 

 attached by the back. Stigma entire or shortly lobed. — Species i. 



Tropics. Used as an ornamental plant Eichhornia Kunth 



Perianth bell-shaped, with nearly free segments. Filament of the largest 

 stamen toothed at the base. Anthers attached by the base. Stigma 

 deeply cleft. — Species i. Central x'Vfrica (Upper Nile and Kasai). 

 Used as an ornamental plant, and in medicine. Monochoria Presl 



FAMILY 30. CYANASTRACEAE 



Herbs, Root-stock tuberous. Leaves elliptical or cordate, with curved 

 main-nerves. Flowers in terminal racemes or panicles, provided with bracts. 

 Perianth-segments 6, petaloid, shortW united at the base. Stamens 6, inserted 

 at the base of the perianth, more or less united below. Anthers linear, longer 

 than the filaments, opening by short slits at the apex. Ovary slightly sunk in 

 the receptacle, deeply lobed, 3-celled. Ovules 2 in each cell, ascending, inverted. 

 Style simple, with a 3-lobed stigma. Fruit a i-seeded nut. Seed with a thin 

 testa, a copious albumen, and a transversely-ovate marginal embryo. (Under 

 PONTEDERIACEAE or HAEMODORACEAE.) 



Genus i, species 5. Central Africa. Some have edible tubers. {Schoen- 

 landia Coniu) Cyanastrum Oliv. 



ORDER LILIIFLORAE 



SUBORDER JUNCINEAE 



FAMILY 31. JUNCACEAE 



Leaves linear or reduced to the sheath. Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. 

 Perianth-segments 6, free, stiff, usually green. Stamens 3 or 6. Ovary 

 superior, i- or 3-celled. Ovules 3 or more, inverted. Style i ; stigmas 3, 

 elongated. Fruit capsular. Seeds with a straight axile embryo and abundant 

 albumen. — Genera 3, species 55. (Plate 17.) 



1. Stem woody. Leaves at its top, stiff, serrate. Ovary 3-celled, with 2 or 



few ovules in each cell. Style very short. Seeds with a large embryo 

 and appressed testa. — Species i. South Africa. It yields fibres and 

 vegetables and is used for plaiting-work. " Palmiet." (Plate 17.) 



Prionium E. Mey. 

 Stem herbaceous. Style thread-like. Seeds with a small embryo. . 2 



2. Ovary i-celled, with 3 basal ovules. Leaves with a closed sheath and 



ciliate margins. — Species 10. North and South Africa and high moun- 

 tains of Central Africa. " Wood-rush." Luzula DC. 



Ovary i — 3-celled, with numerous parietal or axile ovules. — ■ Species 45. 

 Some are used in medicine or for plaiting-work. " Rush." Juncus L. 



