40. ZIKGIBERACEAE -^ 41. CANNACEAE 147 



6. Connective with a grooved beak. Lip 3-lobed. — Species 2. Cultivated 



and sometimes naturalised in tlie tropics. The root-stock is used as a 

 condiment, especially for the preparation of liquors, and in medicine. 



" Ginger." Zingiber L. 



Connective with an oblong or 3-lobed, not grooved appendage. Lip not 

 distinctly 3-lobed 7 



7. Connective with an entire, oblong appendage. Filament adnate to the 



base of the lip. Inflorescence lax. — Species 2. West Africa (Cameroons) 



and Madagascar Aulotandra Gagnepain 



Connective with a 3-lobed appendage. Filament free from the lip. In- 

 florescence dense. — Species 50. Tropics. The fruits (grains of paradise) 

 of several species (especially A . melegueta Roscoe) are used as a condiment 

 and for the preparation of perfumes and medicaments ; others serve 

 as ornamental plants. (Under Amomum L.) (Plate 24.) 



Aframomum K. Schum, 



8. Filament long. Lip not distinctly clawed. Inflorescence terminating 



the leafy stem. ■ — Species 3. Naturalised in the tropical regions. Orna- 

 mental plants Alpinia L, 



Filament short. Lip clawed 9 



9. Lip entire, rhomboidical, adnate to the filament at the base. Epigynous 



glands lobed. Flowering stem separated from the leafy stem. In- 

 florescence very dense, almost head-like, surrounded by a coloured 

 involucre, — Species i. Madagascar and neighbouring islands. Used 

 as an ornamental ^lant, the fruit as a condiment. {Nicolaia Horan., 



under Amomum L.) Phaeomeria Lindl. 



Lip more or less distinctly 3-lobed, free from the filament. ... 10 

 10. Fmit indehiscent. Seeds without an aril. Corolla-tube slightly exceeding 

 the calyx. Stigma small. Inflorescence springing from the base of 

 the leafy stem, lax, paniculate. — ■ Species i {E. Cardamomiim White 

 et Maton). Cultivated in the tropics and naturalised in the Mascarene 

 Islands. The fruits (cardamoms) are used as a condiment and for 

 the preparation of perfumes and medicaments. Elettaria IMaton 



Fruit dehiscent. Seeds with an aril. Calyx closed in bud. Inflorescence 

 usually terminal. — Species 15. Central Africa. [Ethanimn Salisb.) 



Renealmia L. f. 

 FAMILY 41. CANNACEAE 

 Herbs. Leaves large, penninerved. Inflorescence spicate or formed of 

 cymes. Flowers irregular and asymmetrical, hermaphrodite. Sepals free. 

 Petals united below. Fertile stamen single, i-celled, the barren half leaf-like. 

 Staminodes leaf-hke. Ovary inferior, 3-celled, with numerous inverted o\-ules. 

 Style and stigma simple. Fruit capsular. Seeds albuminous ; embryo straight. 

 (Under SCITAMINEAE.) 



Genus i, species 5. Cultivated and sometimes naturalised in various regions. 

 They yield starch, vegetables, medicaments, and dyeing materials, and 

 are also used as ornamental plants. " Indian shot." . . Canna L. 



