154 44- ORCHIDACEAE 



Pollen-masses firm, waxy. Anthers usually deciduous. Inflorescence 

 lateral, more rarely terminal, but then leaves folded lengthwise in the 

 bud 55 



38. Anther erect and greatly exceeding the rostellum, or inclined and incum- 



bent upon the rostellum. Pollen-masses granular or powdery. Rostel- 

 lum not distinctly notched after the removal of the pollen-masses, or 



not distinctly cohering with them 39 



Anther about equalling the rostellum, erect, rarely incumbent, but then 

 pollen-masses divided into a number of large angular sections. Rostel- 

 lum usually distinctly notched after the removal of the pollen-masses. 47 



39. Lip distinctly articulated into 2 — 3 portions placed one behind the other. 



Anther erect. [Subtribe cephai.antherixae.] 40 



Lip not distinctly articulated, embracing the column. Anther more or 

 less incumbent 42 



40. Lip produced into a spur. Leaves replaced by scales. Plants of a \'iolet 



colour. — Species 2. North-west Africa (Algeria). Limodorum L. C. Rich. 

 Lip not distinctly spurred. Leaves perfectly developed 41 



41. Lip saccate at the base ; the terminal portion oblong and enclosed by the 



connivent sepals. — Species i. North-west Africa (Algeria^ 



Cephalanthera L. C. Rich. 

 Lip concave, but not saccate at the base ; the terminal portion broad and 

 projecting between the spreading sepals. —Species 4. North-west 

 Africa and northern East Africa. [Hellcborine Hill). 



Epipactis L. C. Rich. 



42. Sepals and petals united below. Leafless herbs. [Subtribe gastro- 



DIINAE ] 43 



Sepals and petals free 44 



43. Sepals and petals united high up, ver}' unequal. Lip ovate, with 2 gib- 



bosities at the base. Column short. Anther incumbent. Root-stock 

 branched. Flowers large, in few-flowered spikes. — Species i. West 



Africa (Cameroons) Gastrodia R. Br. 



Sepals and petals united at the base only, subequal. Lip spatulate, 

 not gibbous. Column long. Anther suberect. Rootstock tuberous, 

 spindle-shaped. Flowers very small, in many-flowered racemes. — 

 Species I. West Africa (Cameroons). . . . .Auxopus Schlecht. 



44. Stem climbing. Seed-coat crusty or winged. [Subtribe vanill;nae.] 45 

 Stem erect. Seed-coat membranous, not winged. [Subtribe POGo- 



NIINAE.] 46 



45. Lip adnate to the column. Fruit fleshy. Seeds not winged. Usually 



leafy plants. — Species 15. Tropics. Two of the species (especially 

 V. planifolia Andr.) are cultivated for their fruits, which are used as 

 condiments and for the preparation of perfumes. Some species are 



used as ornamental plants Vanilla Swartz 



Lip not adnate to the column. Fruit dry. Seeds winged. Leafless 

 plants. — Species i. Comoro Islands Galeola Lour. 



