1 50 53. MORACEAE 



12. Stipules united. Leaves entire, with numerous transverse nerves. Ovary 



subglobose. Seed with leaf-Uke, folded cotyledons. Shrubs. — Species 



2. Madagascar. Pachytrophe Bur. 



Stipules free. 13 



13. Leaves entire, penninerved, leathery. Ovary compressed. Seed without 



albumen ; embryo with thick cotyledons Trees. — Species 2. Madagas- 

 car Ampalis Boj. 



Leaves toothed, 3-nerved at the base. Ovary ovoid or subglobose. Seed 

 with copious albumen. — Species 3. Cultivated and naturalized in 

 various regions. They yield timber, food for silkworms, edible fruits 

 (mulberries), dyes, and medicaments Morus L. 



14. (i.) Ovule erect, straight. Trees. Leaves folded in the bud. Stipules 



leaving an annular scar. [Subfamily CONOCEPHALOIDEAE.] 15 



Ovule pendulous, curved or inverted. Woody plants with the leaves rolled 



inwards in the bud, or herbaceous plants 16 



15. Leaves divided into 11 — 15 segments. Male flowers in false heads arranged 



in cymes ; perianth with a distinct tube. Stamen i. Female flowers 

 upon a flattened, ovate receptacle. Style long. — Species i {M. Smithii 

 R. Br.). West Africa to the Upper Nile. Yields timber (coik-wood) 

 and edible fruits. The aerial roots contain much water. Musanga R. Br. 

 Leaves undivided, 3-lobed, or 5- — 7-parted. Male flowers in false spikes 

 or heads arranged in cymes ; perianth divided quite or nearly to the 

 base. Stamens 2—4. Female flowers in globose or subglobose false 

 heads. Style short. ■ — Species 8. Central Africa. Some species yield 

 timber or edible fruits. Myrianthus Beauv. 



16. Flowers in cymes arranged in spikes or panicles. Fruit dry. Herbs. 



Leaves palmately lobed or dissected. Stipules free. [Subfamily 



CANNABOIDEAE.] 17 



Flowers upon a globe-, club-, disc-, or cup-shaped receptacle. Herbs 

 with undivided, lanceolate, penninerved leaves, or more frequently 

 shrub- or trees. Leaves undivided 01 lobed, coiled in the bud. Stipules 

 usually united and leaving a stem-clasping scar. [Subfamily ARTO- 

 CARPOIDEAE.] 18 



17. Stem twining. Leaves opposite, lobed or the upper ones undivided. 



Female flowers in catkins. Embryo spirally twisted, with narrow coty- 

 ledons. — Species i {H. Lupulus L., hop). Cultivated in the extra- 

 tropical regions. It is used for making beer, as a vegetable and a fibre- 

 plant, and in medicine Humulus L. 



Stem erect. Leaves opposite below, alternate above, dissected. Female 

 flowers in panicles. Embryo curved, with broad cotyledons. — Species 

 I (C. sativa L., hemp). Cultivated in various regions. It yields fibre, 

 oil, and an intoxicating drug (hashish) Cannabis Tourn. 



18. Flowers enclosed within a pouch-shaped, usually bisexual receptacle pro- 



vided at the top with a small opening surrounded by bracts. Embryo 

 curved. Shrubs or trees. — Species 160. Some of them yield timber. 



