89. RESEDACEAE — 90. MORINGACEAE — QI. NEPENTHACEAE 229 



Carpels 2 — 4, united at least to the middle, forming a i -celled ovary open 

 at the top with parietal placentation ; if carpels united to the middle 

 only, then petals 4 3 



2. Carpels with a single descending ovule attached in the middle of the cell, 



stellately spreading when ripe. Shrubs. — Species i. North-west Africa 



(Algeria) Astrocarpus Neck. 



Carpels with 2 — 3 basal ovules. Herbs. — Species 3. North and Central 

 Africa Caylusea St. Hil. 



3. Petals none. Sepals 6. Stamens 10 — 30, hypogynous. Stigmas 3. 



Fruit berry-like, closed at the top. Shrubs. Leaves Hnear. — Species 



5. North Africa and northern East Africa. . . Ochradenus Del. 



Petals 2 — 8. Fruit capsular, open at the top 4 



4. Petals 2. Disc wanting. Stamens 3 — 10, hypogynous. Ovary sessile. 



Stigmas 4. Herbs or undershrubs. — Species 6. South Africa and 



North Africa to Nubia. (Plate 55.) Oligomeris Cambess. 



Petals 4 — 8. Disc present 5 



5. Petals perigynous, 6 — 8. Stamens perigynous, numerous. Disc double. 



Stigmas 2 — 3. Shrubs. — Species 2. North Africa and northern 



East Africa Randonia Coss. 



Petals hypogynous, 4 — 7. Stamens hypogynous. Ovary stalked. Herbs 

 or undershrubs. — Species 30. North Africa and northern East Africa ; 

 one species also introduced in South Africa. Some species (especially 

 R. luteola L.) yield a dye, oil, and medicaments, others (especially R. 

 odorata L.) are used as ornamental plants and in perfumer^^ " Mignon- 

 ette." (Including Luteola Tourn.) Reseda L. 



SUBORDER MORINGINEAE 



FAMILY 90. MORINGACEAE 



Trees, Leaves alternate, pinnate. Stipules gland-like or wanting. Flowers 

 in panicles, irregular, hermaphrodite. Petals 5, perigynous, imbricate in bud. 

 Fertile stamens 5, perigynous, alternating with 5 staminodes. Anthers i- 

 celled, turned inwards. Ovary short-stalked, i-celled, with 3 parietal placen- 

 tas. Ovules numerous, pendulous, inverted. Style simple. Fruit capsular. 

 Seeds exalbuminous ; embryo straight. (Under CAPPARIDACEAE.) 

 Genus i, species 6. Five species spontaneous in northern East Africa, 

 Madagascar, and Egypt ; the sixth {M. oleifera Lam., horse-radish-tree) 

 cultivated and sometimes naturalized on the coasts of the tropics. 

 This species yields gum, fibre, tanners' bark, fodder, vegetables, oil, con- 

 diments, and medicaments Moringa Juss. 



ORDER SARRACENIALES 



FAMILY 91. NEPENTHACEAE 



Shrubs or undershrubs. Leaves alternate, undivided, terminating in a 

 pitcher. Flowers regular, dioecious. Perianth-segments 4. Stamens 4 or 



