103- ROSACE AE 239 



FAMILY 103. ROSACEAE 



Leaves alternate, stipulate. Receptacle (floral axis) more or less concave, 

 saucer-, cup-, urn-, or tube-shaped, in the male flowers sometimes very small. 

 Stamens curved inwards in the bud, usually numerous. Anthers opening 

 inwards b}' longitudinal slits. Carpels superior, solitary or free, or inferior and 

 then more or less united. Ovules inverted. — Genera 32, species 230. (In- 

 cluding AMYGDALACEAE and POMACEAE.) (Plate 65.) 



1. Ovaries i — 10, inferior (adnate to the concave receptacle) and usually 



connate. Petals 5 Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. . . 2 



Ovaries (or ovary) superior, free from the receptacle, but sometimes tightly 



enclosed by it 10 



2. Stem herbaceous. Leaves lobed or dissected. Petals yellow. Stamens 10. 



Carpels i — 10, one-ovuled. Fruiting receptacle dry. [Subfamily 



NEURADOIDEAE.J 3 



Stem woody. Petals white or red. Carpels i — 5. Fruiting receptacle 

 succulent. [Subfamily POMOIDEAE.] .... ... 4 



3. Flowers small, with a persisting epicalyx. Carpels 10. Leaves lobed. — 



— Species 2. North Africa to Nubia, German South West Africa. 



Neurada L. 

 Flowers large. Epicalyx none. — Species 6. South Africa, 



Grielum L. 



4. Carpels 2 — 5, distinct from each other on their inside, 2-ovuled. Fruit 



small. Endocarp bon3^ Leaves undivided. — Species 3. North- 

 west Africa (Algeria). Used medicinally. . . . Cotoneaster Medik. 

 Carpels 2 — 5, imited as to the ovaries, or carpel i 5 



5. Carpels 3 — 5, incompletely divided in two cells each ; hence cells twice 



as man}^ as the style-branches and containing a single ovule each. 

 Fruit small. Endocarp membranous. Petals narrow. Leaves un- 

 divided. Flowers in racemes. — Species i. North-west Africa (Algeria). 



Used as an ornamental plant Amelanchier Medik. 



Carpels not divided, containing 2 or more ovules each 6 



6. Ovules and seeds more than 2 to each carpel (or ovary-cell). Carpels 5. 



Fruit large. Endocarp cartilagineous. Seed-coat mucilagineous. Leaves 

 undivided. — Species i (C. vulgaris Pers., quince). Cultivated in 

 North and South Africa and in some tropical islands. The fruit is 

 edible and used for the preparation of confectionery and in medicine. 



(Under Pynis L.) Cydonia Toum. 



Ovules and seeds I — 2 to each carpel (or ovary-cell) 7 



7. Fruit with a bony endocarp and a mealy mesocarp. Ovules 2, one of 



them sterile and covering the fertile one 8 



Fruit with a membranous, parchment-like, or cartilagineous endocarp. 

 Carpels 2 — 5 9 



8. Style furrowed. Carpel i. Embryo with coiled cotyledons. Stamens 



10 — 15. Flowers in racemes. Leaves rmdivided, persistent. — Species 

 I. Madeira Chamaemeles Lindl. 



