103. ROSACEAE 241 



Flowers polygamous- dioecious. Epicalyx of 4 — 3 large segments. Petals 

 narrow. Stamens 20. Trees. Leaves pinnate. Flowers in panicles. 

 — Species i. East Africa. Used medicinal]3^ {Bray era Kunth) 



Hagenia Gmel. 



15. Perianth consisting of a corolla and a calyx surrounded by several rows 



of hooked bristles. Stamens 10 or more. Styles 2, subterminal. 

 Herbs. Leaves pinnate. Flowers in spikes. — Species i. North and 

 South Africa. Yields tanning and dyeing materials, and is also used 



in medicine Agrimonia L. 



Perianth consisting of a calyx with an epicalyx, or only of a calyx. . 16 



16. Epicalyx of 4 — 5 segments alternating with the sepals. Stamens i — 5. 



Ovules ascending. Styles basal. Stigmas capitate. Leaves lobed 

 or digitate. — Species 25. Some of them yield tanning smd dyeing 

 materials and medicaments. " Lady's mantle." (Including Aphanes 



L.) Alchimilla L. 



Epicalyx none. Stigmas more or less penicillate 17 



17. Flowers hermaphrodite or monoecious ; in the latter case receptacle of 



the male flowers resembling that of the female. Leaves pinnate. Flowers 



in spikes or heads 18 



Flower dioecious. Stamens numerous. Receptacle of the male flowers 

 very small. Shrubs or trees 20 



18. Receptacle armed with hooked bristles, at least in fruit. Flowers herma- 



phrodite. Stamens 2 — 5. Herbs or undershrubs. — Species 3. South 



Africa. Used medicinally Acaena Vahl 



Receptacle without bristles 19 



19. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. Fruiting receptacle dry, not 



coloured, wrinkled and pitted or winged. Herbs. — Species 10. 

 North Africa, one species also introduced in South Africa. Some 

 species jaeld tans, dyes, and medicaments, or are used as potherbs. 



(Under Poterium L.) Sanguisorba L. 



Flowers monoecious. Fruiting receptacle somewhat flesh}", coloured,, 

 smooth. Stamens numerous. Spinous shrubs. — Species i. North 

 Africa. Used medicinally. [Sarco poterium '^Tpz.ch) . . . Poterium L. 



20. Leaves pinnate, with several pairs of leaflets. Flowers in spikes. Fruit- 



ing receptacle somewhat fleshy. — Species 2. Canary Islands and 



Madeira Bencomia Webb 



Leaves i — 3-foliolate. Flowers soHtary, axillary. Fruiting receptacle carti- 

 laginous, rarely somewhat fleshy. — Species 40. South Africa and 



southern Central Africa Cliffortia L. 



21 (II.) Filaments narrowed towards the base. Petals 5, white. Ovules 2. 

 Styles terminal. Ripe carpels dry and indehiscent. Herbs. Leaves 

 pinnatisect. Flowers in panicles. — Species i. North-west Africa 

 (Algeria). Used as an ornamental plant. {Ulmaria Tourn., under 

 Spiraea L.) [Tribe FILIPENDULEAE]. .... Filipendula L. 



Q 



