103- ROSACEAE — • IO4. CONXARACEAE 243 



Receptacle not swelling on one side ; carpel central. Stamens numerous. 

 Fruit with an irregularly' 5-angled stone. Flowers in panicles. — Species 

 3. Central Africa. They jäeld tanning and dyeing materials, oil, 

 medicaments, and edible fruits (cocoa-plums) . . . Chrysobalanus L. 



29. Filaments united in a long strap. Anthers lo — 20. Ovary completely 



i-celled. — Species 17. Central Africa. Some species yield timber 



{Griffonia Hook, fil.) Acioa Aubl. 



Filaments free or united at the base only 30 



30. Receptacle prolonged above into a scale-like appendage. Stamens 6 — 7. 



Ovary completely i-celled. Stipules large. — Species 3. West Africa. 



Magnistipula Engl. 

 Receptacle without a scale-like appendage. «Stipules small .... 31 



31. Ovary completely i-celled. Fertile stamjns 3 — 10. Fruit i-seeded. — 



Species 3. East Africa and Madagascar Hirtella L. 



Ovary completely or incompletely 2-celled. Fertile stamens 10 — 20. Fruit 

 usually 2-seeded. — Species 25. Tropical and South Africa. Some of 

 them yield timber, tanners' bark, medicaments, and edible fruits, from 

 which also oil, glue, and an inebriating drink are prepared. [Parinan 

 Aubl.) (Plate 65) Parinarium Juss. 



FAMILY 104. CONNARACEAE. 



Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, pinnate, but sometimes with 3 leaflets 

 only, exstipulate. Flowers in fascicles racemes or panicles, regular, herm- 

 aphrodite or polygamous. Calyx 5-cleft or 5-parted. Petals 5, free, rarely 

 slightly united, imbricate in the bud. Stamens 5 — 10, free or united at the base. 

 Carpels i — 5, free, superior. Ovules 2 to each carpel, erect or ascending, straight. 

 Ripe carpels dry, dehiscing by a longitudinal slit, rarely indehiscent, usually 

 solitary. Seeds with an aril often adnate to the testa. — Genera 12, species 

 140. Tropical and South Africa. (Plate 66.) 



1. Sepals imbricate in the bud. Seeds exalbuminous. [Tribe CON- 



NAREAE.] 2 



Sepals valvate in the bud. Seeds albuminous. Stamens 10. Carpels 5. 

 [Tribe CNESTIDEAE.] 8 



2. Ripe carpel indehiscent, nearly always 2-seeded. Seeds with a large, 



adnate aril. Calyx hardened in fruit. Petals greatly exceeding the 

 sepals. Stamens 10, very unequal, surrounded by a disc. Carpel i. 

 Flowers in clusters, springing from the old wood. — Species 3. Equa- 

 torial West Africa (Gaboon). {Aufha^athis Harms). JoUydora Pierre 

 Ripe carpel (or carpels) dehiscing lengthwise, usually i-seeded. . . 3 



3. Fruit-carpels narrowed at the base into a distinct stalk. Seeds attached 



to the ventral suture, with a free aril. Calyx not enlarged in fruit. — 

 Species 18. Central Africa. Some are used medicinally. (Plate 66.) 



Connarus L 



Fruit-carpels not stalked. Seeds attached at their base. Carpels (at the 



time of flowering) 3 — 5 4 



