2gO 107. GERANIACEAE — I08. OXAI.IDACEAE 



the carpels curved or twisted backwards at maturity. .Tribe GER- 



anieap:.] 2 



2. Flowers irregular, with a spur-like appendage along the pedicel and without 



glands at the base of the stamens. Fertile stamens 5—7, rarely 2 — 4. 

 — Species 250. Southern and tropical Africa ; two species also natural- 

 ized in North Africa. Many of them are used as ornamental plants, 

 some have edible roots or yield perfumes or medicaments. 



Pelargonium L'Her. 



Flowers regular or almost so, without a spur-like appendage, with glands 



at the base of the stamens. Fertile stamens 5, 10, or 15 3 



3. Stamens 10, all or 5 of them fertile 4 



Stamens 15, all fertile 5 



4. Tails of the carpels spirall}- twisted, hairy. F'ertile stamens 5. Petals 



entire. Flowers usually in umbels. — Species 40. North Africa to 

 Abyssinia and South Africa. Some are used medicinally ; hygro- 

 metres are made from the carpel-tails. " Storks-bill." 



Erodium L'Her. 

 Tails of the carpels arched, generally glabrous. Fertile stamens usually 10. 

 Petals mostly notched. Flowers usually solitary or in pairs. — Species 

 30. North and South Africa and mountains of the tropics. Some 

 species are used as ornamental plants or jneld tanning and dyeing 

 materials or medicaments. " Cranes-bill." .... Geranium L. 

 5. Filaments united in 5 bundles. Stem herbaceous. — Species 25. Some 



are used medicinally. (Plate 68.) Monsonia L. 



Filaments free almost to the base. Stem fleshy, armed with spines formed 

 from tlie persistent leafstalks. — Species 7. South Africa, southern 

 Central Africa, and Madagascar. Some species yield an aromatic 

 resin. (Under Monsonia L.) Sarcocaulon DC. 



FAMILY 108. OXALIDACEAE 



Leaves alternate. Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. Sepals 5. Petals 5, 



free or united at the base, with contorted aestivation. Stamens 10, rarely 



5 of them sterile. Filaments united at the base. Anthers opening inwards. 



Glands at the base of the stamens present. Ovary superior, 5-celled. Ovules 



axile. Styles 5, free. Fruit a capsule or a berry. Seeds with a fleshy albumen 



and a straight embryo. — Genera 3, species 160. (Under GERANIACEAE.) 



(Plate 69.) 



I. Fruit a berry. Trees. Leaves unequally pinnate, sensitive. Flowers in 



cymes. — Species 2. Cultivated in the Mascarene Islands. They 



yield timber, medicaments, and edible fruits, which are also used for 



preparing a scouring water. ........ Averrhoa L. 



Fruit a capsule. All stamens fertile. Herbs or undershrubs, rarely 

 shrubs 2 



