Il8. MELIACEAE 305 



18. Fruit a berry or a drupe. Seed-coat crustaceous. Staminal tube entire or 



shortly toothed. — vSpecies 15. Tropical and South Africa. Some 

 of them yield timber, tanners' bark, and medicaments. (Including 



Charta C. DC.) Ekebergia Sparm. 



Fruit a capsule with a leathery rind. Seed-coat thin-leathery. Staminal 

 tube usually more or less deeply divided. — Species 35. Tropical 

 and South Africa. Some of them yield timber, dyes, oily seeds, and 

 medicaments. (Plate 76.) Trichilia L, 



19. (11.) Leaves simple, undivided. Flowers solitary or in cymes or racemes. 



Fruit capsular. Seeds albuminous 20 



Leaves pinnate. Flowers in panicles, racemes, or cymes. Stamens 

 united high up 21 



20. Stamens united at the base only, 8. Disc cup-shaped. Stigma small. 



Flowers solitary. — Species i. South Africa. (Aitonia Thunb., 



Cayntthia O. Ktze.) Nymania Lindb. 



Stamens united high up, 8 — 10. Disc ring-shaped or absent. Stigma 

 usually thick. — Species 50. Tropical and South Africa. Some are 

 used medicinally. (Including Calodryum Desv., Grevellina Baill., 

 and Quivisia Comm.) Tourraea L. 



21. Leaves twice pinnate, with usually serrate leaflets. Anthers 10 — -12, 



inserted between the teeth of the staminal tube. Fruit a drupe. Seeds 

 with scanty albumen. — Species 4, two natives of Central Africa, the 

 others (especially M. Azederach L., beadtree or Persian lilac) cultivated 

 as ornamental plants and sometimes naturalized. They yield timber, 

 gum, oil, and medicaments, and are also used for the preparation of 



liquors. The fruits are poisonous Melia L. 



Leaves once pinnate, with entire leaflets. Seeds exalbuminous . . 22 



22. Leaves equally pinnate. Anthers 5 or 8 23 



Leaves unequally pinnate. Anthers 8 or 10 24 



23. Leaflets 2 — 6. Flowers 4-merous. Petals with contorted aestivation. 



Anthers 8, inserted below the notches between the lobes of the staminal 



tube. (See 10.) Xylocarpus Koen. 



Leaflets 10 — 16. Flowers 5-merous. Petals with valvate aestivation. 

 Anthers 5, inserted at the rim of the nearl}^ entire staminal tube. — 

 Species i. Madagascar Quivisianthe Baill. 



24. Anthers inserted at the upper margin of the staminal tube or at the top 



of its teeth. Disc ring- or cup-shaped. Style short, with a lobed 



stigma. Leaflets opposite. (See 18.) . . . Ekebergia Sparm. 



Anthers inserted below the mouth of the staminal tube, included. Leaflets 



usually alternate 25 



25. Petals united high up and adnate to the staminal tube, valvate in bud. 



Ovary at first 4 — 5-celled, with 2 ovules in each cell, later i-celled. — 



Species 4. West Africa Turraeanthus Baill. 



u 



