132. ICACINACEAE 333 



SUBORDER ICACININEAE 



FAMILY 132. ICACINACEAE 



lYees or shrubs. Leaves entire toothed. or lobed, without stipules. Flowers 

 regular, ^ — 5-merous. Stamens as many as the petals or perianth-segments 

 and alternate with them. .Anthers opening 1-y 2 longitudinal slits. Ovary 

 superior, i -celled. Ovules 2, pendulous, inverted, with dorsal raphe. Style i 

 or o. Fruit a drupe. Seed i, with a thin testa, without an aril. — Genera iq, 

 species 00. Tropical and South Afri-a. {\]r\dev OLACINEAE.) (Plate 84.) 



1. Pericarp warty or spiny on the inner face. Embryo equalling the albumen. 



Qimbing or twining shrubs. Leafstalk terete. [Tribe PHYTO- 



CRENEAE.] 2 



Pericarp smooth or wrinkled on the inside. Leaves entire 7 



2. Perianth simple, 3 — 5-parted. Stigma sessile. Leaves palminerved. . 3 

 Perianth, at least in the female flowers, consisting of a sometimes very 



small calyx and a corolla of united petals. Leaves penninerved. . 5 



3. Flowers solitary or in pairs in the axils of the leaves, hermaphrodite. Stem 



tuberous, with slightly twining branches. Leaves undivided, wavy at the 

 margin. — Species i. East Africa (Somaliland). 



Trematosperma Urban 

 Flowers in heads or spikes, dioecious 4 



4. Flowers in heads arranged in spikes or panicles. Perianth of the male 



flowers 3-lobed. — Species 3. West Africa. . Polycephalium Engl. 



Flowers in spikes. Perianth usually 4-parted. — Species 15. Tropical 



and South Africa Pyrenacantha Hook. 



5. Calyx minute. Corolla not enlarged in the fruit. Flowers in spikes 



arising from the lower part of the stem. Leaves oval. — Species i. 



Madagascar Endacanthus Baill. 



Calyx distinctly developed, at least in the female flowers. Corolla enlarged 

 in the fruit 6 



6. Calyx of the male flowers 5-toothed. Petals 5. Filaments rather long. 



Anthers linear. Flowers in spikes at the nodes of the older branches. 

 Leaves lanceolate. ■ — Species i. West Africa (Cameroons). 



Stachyanthus Engl. 



Calyx of the male flowers indistinct or wanting Petals 4. Filaments 



short. Anthers ovate. Flowers in spikes or heads. — Species 7. 



West Africa Chlamydocarya Baill, 



7. (I.) Flowers dioecious, with a corolla of united petals, with or without a 



calyx. Stamens with flat filaments ; anthers opening inwards. Embryo 

 nearly equalHng the albumen. Climbing shrubs, usually with tendrils. 

 Leaves opposite. Floweis in panicles. — Species 6. Tropics. [Tribe 



lODEAE.] lodes Blume 



Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous, rarely unisexual, but then with a 

 calyx and a corolla of free petals, or without a corolla, and the anthers 

 opening outwards. Embryo usually much shorter than the albumen. 



